Iris

See also: iris, IRIs, íris, Íris, and iris-

Translingual

The Siberian iris (Iris sibirica), a species of flowering plant

Etymology

Ancient Greek Ἶρις (Îris, “the messenger of the gods; a rainbow; the iris (of the eye); the flower”)

Proper noun

Iris f

1. A taxonomic genus within the family Iridaceae – irises.
2. A taxonomic genus within the family Tarachodidae – certain of the mantises.

Hypernyms

• (genus of flowers): Eukaryota – superkingdom; Plantae – kingdom; Viridiplantae – subkingdom; Streptophyta – infrakingdom; Embryophyta – superphylum; Tracheophyta – phylum; Spermatophytina – subphylum; angiosperms, monocots – clades; Asparagales – order; Iridaceae - family; Iridoideae - subfamily; Irideae - tribe

Hyponyms

• (genus of flowers): Iris subg. Hermodactyloides, Iris subg. Iris, Iris subg. Limniris, Iris subg. Nepalensis, Iris subg. Scorpiris, Iris subg. Xiphium - subgenera
  • Iris germanica - type species

Translations

a genus of flowering plants

• German: Iris (de) f (scientific), Schwertlilien (de) f pl
• Hebrew: איריס (he)

asteroid

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 虹神星 (Hóngshénxīng)

• Italian: Iride (it) f
• Russian: Ири́да (ru) f (Irída)

References

plant

• Iris (plant) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Iris (Iridaceae) on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
• Iris (Iridaceae) on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
• Iris at Tropicos
• Iris at USDA Plants database

insect

• Iris (insect) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Iris (Tarachodidae) on Wikispecies.Wikispecies

English

Iris, a messenger of the gods in Greek mythology, shown on a pot.

Iris (astronomical symbol)

Etymology

From Ancient Greek Ἶρις (Îris, “rainbow”).

Proper noun

Iris

1. (Greek mythology) A messenger of the gods, and goddess of rainbows.
   • c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:

     What's the matter,
     That this distemper'd messenger of wet,
     The many-colour'd Iris, rounds thine eye?

2. A female given name from Ancient Greek; a flower name used since the end of the 19th century.
   • 1990, Joyce Carol Oates, Because It Is Bitter, And Because It Is My Heart, →ISBN, page 39:

     Persia tells Iris she is named for something special: the iris of the eye. "I thought I was named for a flower," Iris says, disappointed. "An iris is a flower, of course," Persia says, smiling, "but it's this other, too. Our secret. 'The iris of the eye'." "The eye?" Persia snaps her fingers in Iris's eyes. The gesture is so rude and unexpected, Iris will remember it all her life. After this disclosure, Iris doesn't know whether she likes her name any more.

3. (astronomy) 7 Iris, a main belt asteroid.

Derived terms

• Iridian
• Iris hut

 

Translations

Greek messenger of the gods

• Coptic: ⲓⲣⲓⲥ (iris)
• Danish: Iris
• Estonian: Iris (et)
• French: Iris (fr)
• German: Iris (de)
• Greek:

  Ancient Greek: Ἶρις f (Îris)

• Hungarian: Irisz (hu)
• Japanese: イーリス (Īrisu)
• Norwegian: Iris (no)
• Portuguese: Íris (pt) f
• Russian: Ири́да (ru) f (Irída)
• Swedish: Iris (sv)

female given name

• Danish: Iris
• Dutch: Iris (nl)
• Estonian: Iris (et)
• Faroese: Iris
• Finnish: Iiris (fi)
• French: Iris (fr)
• German: Iris (de)
• Hungarian: Írisz (hu)
• Japanese: アイリス (Airisu)
• Norwegian: Iris (no)
• Portuguese: Íris (pt)
• Slovak: Íris f
• Swedish: Iris (sv)

Anagrams

• Siri

Cebuano

Etymology

From English Iris, from Ancient Greek Ἶρις (Îris, “rainbow”).

Proper noun

Iris

1. a female given name from English [in turn from Ancient Greek]
2. (Greek mythology) Iris; a messenger of the gods, and goddess of rainbows

Danish

Proper noun

Iris

1. (Greek mythology) Iris
2. a female given name

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin Iris or Ancient Greek Ἶρις (Îris).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈiː.rɪs/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: Iris
• Homophone: iris

Proper noun

Iris f

1. (Greek mythology) Iris (divine messenger, goddess of rainbows)
2. a female given name

Estonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈiris/

Proper noun

Iris

1. (Greek mythology) Iris
2. a female given name

Related terms

• Iiris

Faroese

Proper noun

Iris f

1. a female given name

Usage notes

Matronymics

• son of Iris: Irisarson
• daughter of Iris: Irisardóttir

Declension

	Singular
	Indefinite
Nominative	Iris
Accusative	Iris
Dative	Iris
Genitive	Irisar

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i.ʁis/

• Audio

  (file)

Proper noun

Iris f

1. (Greek mythology) Iris
2. a female given name

German

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈiːʁɪs/

• Audio

  (file)

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: Iris

Noun

Iris f (genitive Iris, plural Iris or Iriden or Irides)

1. (anatomy) iris

   Synonym: Regenbogenhaut

Declension

Declension of Iris [feminine]

	singular			plural
	indef.	def.	noun	def.	noun
nominative	eine	die	Iris	die	Iris, Iriden, Irides
genitive	einer	der	Iris, Iridis1	der	Iris, Iriden, Irides
dative	einer	der	Iris, Iridi1	den	Iris, Iriden, Irides
accusative	eine	die	Iris, Irin1	die	Iris, Iriden, Irides

¹Uncommon.

Proper noun

Iris f (proper noun, genitive Iris)

1. (Greek mythology) Iris
2. a female given name

References

• “Iris” in Duden online
• “Iris” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Latin

Etymology 1

From Ancient Greek Ἶρις (Îris).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈiː.ris/, [ˈiːrɪs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈi.ris/, [ˈiːris]

Proper noun

Īris f sg (genitive Īris or Īridis); third declension

1. (Greek mythology) Iris (messenger of the gods)

Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem or imparisyllabic non-i-stem; two different stems), singular only.

Case	Singular
Nominative	Īris
Genitive	Īris Īridis
Dative	Īrī Īridī
Accusative	Īrem Īrim Īrin Īridem
Ablative	Īre Īrī Īride
Vocative	Īri

References

• “Īris”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Īris in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Etymology 2

From Ancient Greek Ἴρις (Íris).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈi.ris/, [ˈɪrɪs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈi.ris/, [ˈiːris]

The river in Amasya

Proper noun

Iris m sg (genitive Iris); third declension

1. One of the most considerable rivers of Pontus, now the Yeşilırmak

Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem), singular only.

Case	Singular
Nominative	Iris
Genitive	Iris
Dative	Irī
Accusative	Irem
Ablative	Ire
Vocative	Iris

References

• Iris in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “Iris”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

Norwegian

Proper noun

Iris

1. (Greek mythology) Iris
2. a female given name

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈiɾis/ [ˈi.ɾis]
• Rhymes: -iɾis
• Syllabification: I‧ris

Proper noun

Iris f

1. a female given name

Swedish

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Proper noun

Iris c (genitive Iris)

1. (Greek mythology) Iris
2. a female given name

Anagrams

• Siri

Turkish

Etymology

From Ancient Greek Ἶρις (Îris, “rainbow”).

Proper noun

Iris

1. (Greek mythology) Iris