closed

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /kləʊzd/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /kloʊzd/

• Audio (GA)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -əʊzd

Adjective

closed (not comparable)

1. Sealed, made inaccessible or impassable; not open.

   A closed and locked door prevented my escape.

   • 2005, Pamela J. Carter, Susan Lewsen, Lippincott's Textbook for Nursing Assistants, page 277:

     When the top sheet, blanket, and bedspread of a closed bed are turned back, or fanfolded, the closed bed becomes an open bed, or a bed ready to receive a patient or resident.

2. (engineering, gas and liquid flow, of valve or damper) To be in a position preventing fluid from flowing.
3. (electricity, of a switch or circuit breaker) To be in a position allowing electricity to flow.
4. (of a store or business) Not operating or conducting trade.
5. Not public.

   closed source  a closed committee  The bill is being considered by the committee in closed session.

6. (topology, of a set) Having an open complement.
7. (mathematics, of a set) Such that its image under the specified operation is contained in it.

   The set of integers is closed under addition: $\forall x,y\in \mathbb {Z} \,x+y\in \mathbb {Z}$.

8. (mathematics, logic, of a formula) Lacking a free variable.
9. (graph theory, of a walk) Whose first and last vertices are the same, forming a closed loop.
10. (phonology) Formed by closing the mouth and nose passages completely, like the consonants /t/, /d/, and /p/.
11. (phonology) Having the sound cut off sharply by a following consonant, like the /ɪ/ in pin.
12. (of a multi-word compound) Having component words joined together without spaces or hyphens; for example, timeslot as opposed to time slot or time-slot.

Synonyms

• shut

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of "also phonetics (of vowels, syllables)"): open

Derived terms

• a closed mouth catches no flies
• a closed mouth gathers no feet
• algebraically closed
• behind closed doors
• bicartesian closed category
• Cartesian closed category
• case closed
• closed adoption
• closed assembly time
• closed-back
• closed ball
• closed beta
• closed-book
• closed book
• closed campus
• closed caption
• closed-captioned
• closed captioning
• closed casket
• closed-circuit
• closed circuit
• closed-circuit television
• closed circulatory system
• closed city
• closed class
• closed compound
• closed-concept
• closed currency
• closed curve
• closed-cut valley
• closed cut valley
• closed door
• closed-ear
• closed-eared
• closed-end fund
• closed feedwater heater
• closed file
• closed form
• closed formula
• closed interval
• closed loop
• closed matte
• closed-minded
• closed-mindedly
• closed-mindedness
• closed order
• closed period
• closed question
• closed season
• closed set
• closed shop
• closed-source
• closed species
• closed syllable
• closed system
• closed timelike curve
• closed time loop
• closed-toe
• closed town
• closed visit
• integrally closed
• open-closed principle
• regular closed
• semi-closed game
• with closed doors
• with one's eyes closed

 

Translations

not open

• Albanian: mbyllur (sq)
• Arabic: مُغْلَق (muḡlaq)

  Egyptian Arabic: مقفول f (maʔfūl)

  Hijazi Arabic: مقَفِّل (mugaffil), مسَكِّر (musakkir), مقفول (magfūl)

  Iraqi Arabic: مسدود f (masdūd)

  Moroccan Arabic: مسدود (masdūd), مغلوق (maḡlūq)

  North Levantine Arabic: مسكّر f (msákkar)

  San'ani Arabic: مغلّق f (mġalleg)

  South Levantine Arabic: مسكّر f (msákkar)

• Armenian: փակ (hy) (pʿak)
• Aromanian: ncljis
• Azerbaijani: bağlı (az), qapalı (az)
• Bashkir: ябыҡ (yabıq), ябылған (yabılğan)
• Belarusian: зачы́нены m (začýnjeny), закры́ты m (zakrýty)
• Bulgarian: затворен (bg) (zatvoren)
• Catalan: tancat (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 關着／关着 (zh) (guānzhe)

• Czech: zavřený (cs)
• Danish: lukket
• Dutch: gesloten (nl), dicht (nl), afgesloten (nl), toe (nl)
• Esperanto: fermita, ferma (eo)
• Estonian: suletud, kinnine
• Finnish: suljettu (fi), kiinni (fi)
• French: fermé (fr)
• Friulian: sierât
• Galician: fechado m, pechado m, cerrado m
• Georgian: დაკეტილი (daḳeṭili)
• German: geschlossen (de), zu (de)
• Greek: κλειστός (el) (kleistós)

  Ancient: κλειστός (kleistós)

• Hebrew: סגור m (sagúr), סגורה f (sgurá)
• Hindi: बंद (hi) (band)
• Hungarian: zárt (hu), zárva (hu)
• Indonesian: tertutup (id)
• Irish: dúnta, druidte, iata
• Italian: chiuso (it)
• Japanese: (of a shop) 準備中 (じゅんびちゅう, junbichū), 閉められた (ja) (しめられた, shimerareta)
• Korean: 닫은 (ko) (dadeun)
• Kumyk: ябыкъ (yabıq), ябылгъан (yabılğan), юмукъ (yumuq) (of eyes), юмулгъан (yumulğan) (of eyes)
• Lao: ປິດ (pit)
• Latin: clausus, opertus
• Macedonian: затворен (zatvoren)
• Malay: tertutup
• Mongolian: хаалттай (xaalttaj)
• Neapolitan: nchiuso
• Nepali: बन्द (banda)
• Norman: freunmé (Jersey)
• Norwegian: lukket (no)
• Occitan: claus (oc), tancat (oc), enclaus (oc)
• Persian: بسته (fa) (baste)
• Pitjantjatjara: pati
• Polish: zamknięty (pl) m
• Portuguese: fechado (pt)
• Romanian: închis (ro)
• Russian: закры́тый (ru) (zakrýtyj), за́мкнутый (ru) (zámknutyj)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: за̀творен

  Roman: zàtvoren (sh)

• Sicilian: chiusu
• Slovak: zatvorený
• Slovene: zaprt (sl)
• Spanish: cerrado (es)
• Swedish: stängd (sv), sluten (sv)
• Thai: ปิด (th) (bpìt)
• Tibetan: please add this translation if you can
• Tok Pisin: pas (tpi)
• Ukrainian: зачи́нений m (začýnenyj), закри́тий m (zakrýtyj), за́мкнений m (zámknenyj)
• Urdu: بند (band)
• Venetian: serà, sarà
• Vietnamese: đóng (vi)
• Welsh: ar gau, caeedig
• White Hmong: please add this translation if you can
• Zhuang: please add this translation if you can

not operating or conducting trade

• Arabic: مُغْلَق (muḡlaq)
• Bashkir: ябыҡ (yabıq)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: please add this translation if you can

• Czech: zavřený (cs)
• Danish: lukket
• Estonian: please add this translation if you can
• Finnish: suljettu (fi), kiinni (fi)
• Galician: fechado m, pechado m, cerrado m
• German: zu (de)
• Hebrew: סגור m (sagúr), סגורה f (sgurá)
• Hungarian: zárva (hu)
• Japanese: ^{(please verify)} 準備中
• Korean: please add this translation if you can
• Lao: please add this translation if you can
• Latvian: please add this translation if you can
• Lithuanian: please add this translation if you can
• Malay: please add this translation if you can
• Persian: بسته (fa) (baste), تعطیل (fa) (ta'til)
• Polish: zamknięty (pl) m
• Portuguese: fechado (pt)
• Romanian: închis (ro)
• Spanish: cerrado (es)
• Thai: ปิด (th) (bpìt)
• Ukrainian: відчи́нений (vidčýnenyj)
• Vietnamese: đóng cửa

not public

• Armenian: փակ (hy) (pʿak)
• Azerbaijani: qapalı (az)
• Bashkir: ябыҡ (yabıq)
• Bulgarian: ограничен (bg) (ograničen)
• Danish: lukket
• Dutch: gesloten (nl)
• Estonian: salajane
• Finnish: salainen (fi)
• French: privé (fr), fermé (fr)
• German: nicht (de) öffentlich (de) (of people or software); geschlossen (de) (used with groups of people only)
• Hebrew: סגור m (sagúr), סגורה f (sgurá)
• Occitan: privat (oc), tancat (oc)
• Portuguese: fechado (pt)
• Romanian: privat (ro) m
• Russian: закры́тый (ru) (zakrýtyj), ограни́ченный (ru) (ograníčennyj)
• Swedish: sluten (sv)

having an open complement

• Esperanto: fermita
• Finnish: suljettu (fi)
• Occitan: claus (oc)
• Polish: domknięty m
• Russian: за́мкнутый (ru) (zámknutyj)

in mathematics, such that its image under the specified operation is contained in it

• Czech: uzavřený (cs) m
• Esperanto: fermita
• Finnish: suljettu (fi)
• Icelandic: lokaður m
• Polish: zamknięty (pl) m
• Romanian: închis (ro)
• Russian: за́мкнутый (ru) (zámknutyj)

lacking a free variable

• Czech: uzavřený (cs) m
• Finnish: suljettu (fi)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked‌: "in mathematics"

• Dutch: ^{(please verify)} gesloten (nl) (topology), ^{(please verify)} inwendig (nl) (algebra)
• Estonian: ^{(please verify)} kinnine
• French: ^{(please verify)} fermé (fr)
• German: ^{(please verify)} abgeschlossen (de)
• Swedish: ^{(please verify)} sluten (sv)

See also

• close

Verb

closed

1. simple past and past participle of close

Anagrams

• Dolces, codels, codles, dolces

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈklɔsɛd/

Noun

closed m (plural closedau)

1. Alternative form of closet

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
closed	glosed	nghlosed	chlosed
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.