fo

fo is an alternative form (with respect to faccio) for the present indicative of the first person. Its usage is mainly literary and archaic^[1] but is still used in some regional forms of Italian.

References[edit]

fo in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

^ io faccio, io fo at Google Ngram Viewer

Itik[edit]

Noun[edit]

fo

water

Japanese[edit]

Romanization[edit]

fo

Rōmaji transcription of ふぉ
Rōmaji transcription of フォ

Malagasy[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pusuq, cognate of Javanese pusuh and Tagalog puso.

Noun[edit]

fo

(anatomy) heart

Mambwe-Lungu[edit]

Noun[edit]

fo

water

Mandarin[edit]

Romanization[edit]

fo

Nonstandard spelling of fō.
Nonstandard spelling of fó.

Usage notes[edit]

Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Manx[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Irish fo, from Proto-Celtic *uɸo, from Proto-Indo-European *upo (“under, up from under”).

Preposition[edit]

fo

under
below

Inflection[edit]

	Singular				Plural
Person	1st	2nd	3rd m.	3rd f.	1st	2nd	3rd
Normal	foym	foyd	fo	foee	foin	feue	foue
Emphatic	foyms	foyds	fosyn	foeeish	foinyn	feueish	fouesyn

Pronoun[edit]

fo

third-person singular masculine of fo
under him/it

Derived terms[edit]

fosyn (emphatic)

Middle English[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From the oblique stem of Old English ġefāh; equivalent to y- +‎ fo (adjective), ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *faih.

Alternative forms[edit]

ffo, ffoo, foa, foe, foo, foe, ifoa, vo, yfoh, yvo, y-vo
ifa, iva, ȝefo (Early Middle English)
fa, faa (Northern)

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /fɔː/, /iˈfɔː/
Rhymes: -ɔː

Noun[edit]

fo (plural fon or fos)

A foe, enemy or opponent:
1. An enemy of the true religion.
2. An enemy combatant or armed force.
3. (Christianity) Satan; the enemy of mankind.
A harmful or ruinous force; that which causes terror.

Descendants[edit]

English: foe
Scots: fae

References[edit]

“fō, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-05-27.
“ifō, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-05-27.

Etymology 2[edit]

From Old English fā, a form of fāh, from Proto-West Germanic *faih, from Proto-Germanic *faihaz.

Alternative forms[edit]

foo
fa (Early Middle English)

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /fɔː/
Rhymes: -ɔː

Adjective[edit]

fo

(rare) combative, opposed, inimical
(rare) dangerous, foreboding

Derived terms[edit]

foman

Descendants[edit]

English: foe (obsolete as an adjective)

References[edit]

“fō, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-05-27.

Adverb[edit]

fo

(rare) In a way showing unfriendliness or opposition.

Descendants[edit]

English: foe (obsolete as an adverb)

References[edit]

“fō, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-05-27.

Murui Huitoto[edit]

Adverb[edit]

fo

Alternative spelling of foo

References[edit]

Shirley Burtch (1983) Diccionario Huitoto Murui (Tomo I) (Linguistica Peruana No. 20)‎^[1] (in Spanish), Yarinacocha, Peru: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 91

Norman[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old French fol, from Latin follis.

Pronunciation[edit]

Audio (Jersey) (file)

Noun[edit]

fo m (plural fos)

(Jersey) madman

Nupe[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /fō/

Verb[edit]

fo

(transitive) to wash
Synonym: ná

Ǹdá á èwò fo. ― Father washed the garment.

Old Irish[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

fu, fú

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Celtic *uɸo, from Proto-Indo-European *upo (“under, up from under”).

Preposition[edit]

fo (with accusative or dative)

under, beneath
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 109^d5
  Ní taít Día fo tairṅgere conid·chumscaiged.
  God does not come under a promise that he should alter it.
to, towards
- c. 850-875, Turin Glosses and Scholia on St Mark, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 484–94, Tur. 110c
  Ba bés leusom do·bertis dá boc leu dochum tempuil, ⁊ no·léicthe indala n‑aí fon díthrub co pecad in popuil, ⁊ do·bertis maldachta foir, ⁊ n⟨o⟩·oircthe didiu and ó popul tar cenn a pecthae ind aile.
  It was a custom with them that two he-goats were brought by them to the temple, and one of the two of them was let go to the wilderness with the sin of the people, and curses were put upon him, and thereupon the other was slain there by the people for their sins.
through, throughout
in the capacity of
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 20^b13
  Ní fú indidit a·tá irascemini sunt .i. irascemini fercaigthe-si, acht is fo imchomarc a·tá.
  It is not in affirmation that irascemini is here, i.e. irascemini you pl are angry, but it is in interrogation. [In other words, irascemini is here a question, not a statement. The Latin verb is actually in the future tense, but the Old Irish gloss of it is in the present tense.]
according to
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 38^c3
  Ní hé apstal cita·rogab in testimin so. Aliter: Ní fóu da·uc int apstal fon chéill fuand·rogab in fáith.
  It is not (the) apostle who first uttered this text. Otherwise: The apostle did not apply it in the sense in which the prophet uttered it.

Inflection[edit]

Inflection of fo

Person	Normal	Emphatic
1st person sing.	foum, foam
2d person sing.	fout*
3d sing. masc./neut., dative	fó(u)
3d sing. masc./neut., accusative	foí
3d sing. fem., dative	foæ*
3d sing. fem., accusative
1st person pl.	founn*
2d person pl.
3d person pl., dative	foïb
3d person pl., accusative

*Late forms

Combinations with a definite article:

fon, fun (“under the (accusative m/f sg)”)
fua (“under the (accusative n sg)”)
fon(d), fun(d) (“under the (dative sg)”)
fonna (“under the (accusative pl)”)

Combinations with a possessive determiner:

fom (“under my”)
fot (“under your sg”)
foa, fua, fó (“under his/her/its/their”)
fóar (“under our”)

Combinations with a relative pronoun:

foa·, fua· fo· (“under which/whom”)

Derived terms[edit]

fu acis

Related terms[edit]

fo-

Descendants[edit]

Irish: faoi
Manx: fo
Scottish Gaelic: fo

Scottish Gaelic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Irish fo. Cognates include Irish faoi and Manx fo.

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /fɔ/
Hyphenation: fo

Preposition[edit]

fo (+ dative, triggers lenition, combined with the singular definite article fon)

under, below, beneath
under the influence of

Inflection[edit]

Personal inflection of fo
Number	Person	Simple	Emphatic
Singular	1st	fodham	fodhamsa
	2nd	fodhad	fodhadsa
	3rd m	fodha	fodhasan
	3rd f	fòidhpe	fòidhpese
Plural	1st	fodhainn	fodhainne
	2nd	fodhaibh	fodhaibhse
	3rd	fòdhpa	fòdhpasan

Antonyms[edit]

(antonym(s) of "below"): os cionn

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

Colin Mark (2003) “fo”, in The Gaelic-English dictionary, London: Routledge, →ISBN, page 307

Sranan Tongo[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From English four.

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /fo/

Numeral[edit]

fo

four

Venetian[edit]

Verb[edit]

fo

first-person singular present indicative of far

Volapük[edit]

Preposition[edit]

fo

in front of; before (place)

Antonyms[edit]

po

Welsh[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /voː/
Rhymes: -oː

Etymology 1[edit]

Reduction of efô, emphatic form of ef (“he (literary)”).

Pronoun[edit]

fo

he, him.

Usage notes[edit]

Fo is used in north Wales and a variant of o. The choice between o and fo is dependent on grammatical and euphonic considerations. The forms e and fe are used in the south.

Etymology 2[edit]

Verb[edit]

fo

Soft mutation of bo.

Mutation[edit]

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
bo	fo	mo	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Yola[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

fo

Alternative form of fho
- 1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 12-14^[1]:
  az avare ye trad dicke londe yer name waz ee-kent var ee vriene o' livertie, an He fo brake ye neckarès o' zlaves.
  for before your foot pressed the soil, your name was known to us as the friend of liberty, and he who broke the fetters of the slave.
- 1927, “LAMENT OF A WIDOW”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 130, lines 1^[2]:
  Ochone! to fo shul Ich maak mee moan,
  Ochone, to whom shall I make my moan,
- 1927, “ZONG O DHREE YOLA MYTHENS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 131, lines 2^[2]:
  Fo naar had looke var to be brides,
  Who never had luck to be brides,
- 1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, lines 2^[2]:
  Fo laately got tackled to Kakeen Lurkaan,
  Who lately got tackled to Catherine Larkin,

References[edit]

^ Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland

Yoruba[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /fò/

Verb[edit]

fò

(intransitive) to jump, or leap in an upwards direction
(intransitive) to fly
(idiomatic) to miss, to escape one's attention, to forget
ọkàn mí fò ó ― My mind missed it

Derived terms[edit]

ìfò (“the act of flying”)
àfòpiná (“moth”)

Related terms[edit]

bẹ́ (“to leap”)
tọ (“to hop”)
gbàgbé (“to forget”)

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /fò/

Verb[edit]

fò

(transitive) to decapitate
Synonyms: bẹ́, bẹ́rí, bẹ́lórí

wọ́n fi idà fo orí olè ― They used a sword to decapitate the head of the thief

Derived terms[edit]

ìfò (“decapitation”)
afò (“executioner”)

Etymology 3[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /fò/

Verb[edit]

fò

(transitive) to omit
Synonym: yọ
(intransitive) to become omitted

Derived terms[edit]

ìfò (“omission”)

Etymology 4[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /fò/

Verb[edit]

fò

(transitive) to shrink (as of clothes)
(intransitive) to become shortened in dimension; to contract; to no longer be able to fit
aṣọ yìí fò mí ― The clothes no longer fits me

Derived terms[edit]

ìfò (“the act of shrinking; contraction”)

[1] , io fo at Google Ngram Viewer

[2] Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867

[Browne-3] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland

[1]

[1]

[2]

fo

Translingual[edit]

Symbol[edit]

English[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Noun[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Preposition[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Asaro'o[edit]

Noun[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

References[edit]

Beneraf[edit]

Noun[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Berik[edit]

Noun[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Bislama[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Numeral[edit]

Cameroon Pidgin[edit]

Preposition[edit]

Chinese[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Verb[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

Dineor[edit]

Noun[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Esperanto[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

See also[edit]

Ewe[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Verb[edit]

Fanagalo[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Numeral[edit]

Italian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

Usage notes[edit]

References[edit]

Itik[edit]

Noun[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Romanization[edit]

Malagasy[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Noun[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Mambwe-Lungu[edit]

Noun[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Mandarin[edit]

Romanization[edit]

Usage notes[edit]

Manx[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Preposition[edit]

Inflection[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Middle English[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]