gi

See also: Appendix:Variations of "gi"

English

Etymology

From Japanese 着 (gi, “clothing”); only used in combination, usually with the name of a martial art such as 柔道着 (jūdōgi, “judo uniform”) or 空手着 (karategi, “karate uniform”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡiː/
• Rhymes: -iː
• Homophone: ghee

Noun

gi (plural gis or gi)

1. A martial arts uniform.
   • 1990, Thomas Pynchon, Vineland, Vintage, published 2000, page 108:

     By the time they got up to the reception building, there was a welcoming committee standing in the lamp-lined drive, all in black gi, headed by a tall, fit, scholarly-looking woman named Sister Rochelle […]

   • 2022 September 20, Danya Hajjaji, “‘Really nice guy’: Tom Hardy surprises competitors with entry and victory in martial arts contest”, in The Guardian‎^[1]:

     Attenders watched the Mad Max: Fury Road star, dressed in a blue gi, subdue his opponents and win all his matches. Hardy’s certificate of achievement was awarded to “Edward Hardy” – the actor’s real name.

Anagrams

• IG, Ig, ig

Breton

Noun

gi

1. Soft mutation of ki.

Chamorro

Preposition

gi

1. at
2. in
3. on

Cornish

Noun

gi

1. Soft mutation of ki.

Indonesian

Etymology

From Hindi घी (ghī) or Urdu گھی (ghī), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀖𑀺𑀤 (ghida), from Sanskrit घृत (ghṛtá). Cognate of English ghee.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡi]
• Hyphenation: gi

Noun

gi (first-person possessive giku, second-person possessive gimu, third-person possessive ginya)

1. (archaic, Hinduism) ghee.

   Synonyms: minyak sapi, minyak samin, cairan mentega

Further reading

• “gi” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Italian

Etymology

From Latin gē (the name of the letter G).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒi/
• Rhymes: -i
• Hyphenation: gì

Noun

gi f (invariable)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter G.; gee

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) lettera; a, bi, ci, di, e, effe, gi, acca, i, gei / i lunga, cappa, elle, emme, enne, o, pi, cu, erre, esse, ti, u, vu / vi, doppia vu, ics, ipsilon / i greca, zeta

Jamaican Creole

Etymology

Derived from English give.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡi/

Verb

gi

1. to give
   • 2012, Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment, Edinburgh: DJB, published 2012, →ISBN, Ruoman 12:3:

     Kaaz a di gif we Gad gi mi, mi a tel unu: No bada tingk se unu muor dan wa unu riili bi. Insted-a dat unu fi ombl unuself an joj unuself bies pan di fiet we Gad gi unu

     For by the grace given to me I say to everyone among you not to think of himself more highly than he ought to think, but to think with sober judgment, each according to the measure of faith that God has assigned.

   • 2012, Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment, Edinburgh: DJB, published 2012, →ISBN, Revilieshan 22:1:

     Den di ienjel shuo mi di riva wid di waata we gi laif. Di waata did a kom fram Gad an di Biebi Shiip chuon. Di waata did so klier it luk laik kristal.

     Then the angel showed me the river of the water of life, bright as crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb

     (literally, “Then the angel showed me the river with water that gives life. The water came from God and the Lamb throne. The water was so clear it looked like crystal”)

   • 2023, Yuunivorshal Deklarieshan a Yuuman Raits, United Nations, Aatikl 19:

     Evribadi av di rait fi bi frii fi se we dem waahn fi se an ekspres demself; dis miin se dem av di rait fi bi frii fi se we dem waahn fi se widout notn a get ina dem wie, an fi siik out, get an gi infamieshan an di tingz dem we dem tingk bout ina dem ed, bai eni miinz no mata di baada lain dem we set op ina dem konchri.

     Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.

     (literally, “Everybody has the right to free to say what they want, to express themselves; this means that they have the right to be free to say what they want without anything happening to them and to seek out and give information  […]”)

Further reading

• gi at majstro.com

Japanese

Romanization

gi

1. Rōmaji transcription of ぎ
2. Rōmaji transcription of ギ

Lashi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡi/

Adjective

gi

1. Alternative form of ge

Particle

gi

1. turns the preceding word into a nominative

References

• Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid‎^[2], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)

Lo-Toga

Etymology

Cognate with Hiw ga, and also with Proto-Polynesian *kawa, Tongan kava. From Proto-Oceanic *kawaʀ, doublet of *wakaʀ (“root”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣi/

Noun

gi

1. kava plant, Piper methysticum
2. kava, an intoxicating beverage made from the kava plant.

Further reading

• p.526 of: Alexandre François (2010), Pragmatic demotion and clause dependency: On two atypical subordinating strategies in the Lo-Toga and Hiw (Torres, Vanuatu), in Isabelle Bril (ed.), Clause Linking and Clause Hierarchy (Studies in Language Companion Series 121), 499–548. Amsterdam: Benjamins.

Malay

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡi/
• Rhymes: -i

Etymology 1

From Hindi घी (ghī) or Urdu گھی (ghī), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀖𑀺𑀤 (ghida), from Sanskrit घृत (ghṛtá). Cognate of English ghee.

Noun

gi (Jawi spelling ݢي, plural gi-gi, informal 1st possessive giku, 2nd possessive gimu, 3rd possessive ginya)

1. (archaic) ghee.

   Synonym: minyak sapi

Etymology 2

Clipping of pergi.

Verb

gi (Jawi spelling ݢي)

1. (colloquial) Alternative form of pergi

   Kau gi ngan siapa?

   Who are you going with?

Further reading

• “gi” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Matal

Pronoun

gi

1. I, me (first-person singular pronoun)

   Gi zil Yahudiya, tayyà gi à Tarsus uwana la Səlisəya, gi bəzi huɗ gudəŋ məŋga gà (Sləray 21:39).

   I [am] a Jewish man, I was born in Tarsus which [is] in Cilicia, I [am] a man from an important city (Acts 21:39)

   Dagay lakana kadànəŋaw gi aya tsəràh à uwana (Mata 23:39).

   For I tell you, you will never see me from now on until you say (Mathhew 23:39)

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch gī, from Proto-West Germanic *jiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *jūz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣiː/, /ɣi/

Pronoun

gi

1. you (nominative, plural)
2. you (nominative, singular, informal)

Usage notes

This pronoun began to replace the old singular form du during the Middle Dutch period, eventually replacing it altogether.

Inflection

Middle Dutch personal pronouns

	singular					plural
	1st	2nd	3rd			1st	2nd	3rd
			masc.	fem.	neut.
nominative	ic	du	hi	si	het	wi	gi	si
accusative	mi	di	hem, hen	haer		ons	u	hem, hen
dative					hem, hen
genitive	mijn	dijn	sijn	haer	sijn	onse	uwe	haer

Alternative forms

• ji

Descendants

• Dutch: gij, jij
  • Afrikaans: jy
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: ju
  • Jersey Dutch: jāi
  • Negerhollands: joe, ju
  • Petjo: jij
• Limburgish: geer

Further reading

• “ghi”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “gi”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

Middle Low German

Alternative forms

• gê, î, y, ie, jê

Etymology

From Old Saxon gī, from Proto-Germanic *jūz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʝiː/

Pronoun

gî

1. you, ye (nominative, plural)

Declension

Middle Low German personal pronouns

		nominative	accusative	dative	genitive
1st person singular		ik (ek)	mî (mê, mik, mek)		mîn (mîner)
2nd person singular		dû	dî (dê, dik, dek)		dîn (dîner)
3rd person singular
	m	hê (hî, hie)	ēne, en (ȫne, ȫn)	ēme, em (ȫme, en)	sîn (sîner)
	n	it (et)
	f	sê (sî, sie, sü̂)		ēre, ēr (ērer, ȫrer)
1st person plural		wî (wê, wie)	uns (ûs, ös, ü̂sik)		unser (ûser)
2nd person plural		gî (jê, î)	jû (jûwe, û, jük, gik)		jûwer (ûwer)
3rd person plural		sê (sî, sie)		em, öm, jüm (en, ēnen, ȫnen)	ēre, ēr (ērer, ȫrer)
For an explanation of the forms in brackets see here.

Descendants

• Low German: ji, jie
  • Plautdietsch: jie

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse gefa, from Proto-Germanic *gebaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰab(ʰ)-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jiː/

• gi

  (file)

Verb

gi (imperative gi, present tense gir, passive gis, simple past ga or gav, past participle gitt)

1. to give (transfer the possession of something to someone else)

Derived terms

• angi
• avgi
• energigivende
• frigi
• lovgivende
• lovgivning
• navngi
• omgi
• oppgi
• prisgi
• tilgi
• tilkjennegi
• utgi

 

References

• “gi” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

gi (present tense gir, past tense gav, past participle gitt, passive infinitive givast, present participle givande, imperative gi)

1. Alternative form of gje

Nupe

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡí/

Verb

gí

1. to eat
2. to devour; to gnaw

Derived terms

• eyangíci (“food”)
• gigí (“eating”)

 

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡí/

Verb

gí

1. to wear out

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡí/

Verb

gí

1. to stand

   Synonym: gíkinni

Derived terms

• gíkinni (“to stand; to cease”)
• kinnigí (“standing”)

 

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *jiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *jūz.

Pronoun

gī

1. you (plural)

Alternative forms

• *gir (South-eastern)

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: gi
  • Dutch: gij, jij
    • Afrikaans: jy
    • Berbice Creole Dutch: ju
    • Jersey Dutch: jāi
    • Negerhollands: joe, ju
    • Petjo: jij
  • Limburgish: geer

Further reading

• “gi, ir”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jiː/

Adverb

ġī

1. Alternative form of ġēa

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *jiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *jūz. Accusative and dative from Proto-Germanic *iwwiz, variant of *izwiz.

Pronoun

gī

1. you (plural)

Declension

Old Saxon personal pronouns

Personal pronouns
Singular	1.	2.	3. m	3. f	3. n
Nominative	ik	thū	hē	siu	it
Accusative	mī, me, mik	thī, thik	ina	sia
Dative	mī	thī	imu	iru	it
Genitive	mīn	thīn	is	ira	is
Dual	1.	2.	-	-	-
Nominative	wit	git	-	-	-
Accusative	unk	ink	-	-	-
Dative
Genitive	unkero, unka	inker, inka	-	-	-
Plural	1.	2.	3. m	3. f	3. n
Nominative	wī, we	gī, ge	sia	sia	siu
Accusative	ūs, unsik	eu, iu, iuu
Dative	ūs		im
Genitive	ūser	euwar, iuwer, iuwar, iuwero, iuwera	iro

Descendants

• Middle Low German: gî, gê, î, y, ie, jê
  • Low German: ji, jie
    • Plautdietsch: jie

Rawang

Alternative forms

• vgi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ki˧/

Noun

gi

1. dog.

Romansch

Alternative forms

• di (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Puter, Vallader)
• de (Surmiran)

Etymology

Inherited from Classical Latin diēs.

Noun

gi m (plural gis)

1. (Sursilvan, Sutsilvan) day

Sranan Tongo

Etymology

From English give.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡi/, /d͡ʒi/

Verb

gi

1. to give

Preposition

gi

1. to (indicates indirect object)

Sumerian

Romanization

gi

1. Romanization of 𒄀 (gi)

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [zi˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [jɪj˧˧]
• (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [jɪj˧˧]

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Italian gi.

Noun

gi

1. The name of the Latin-script digraph GI/Gi/gi.

Usage notes

• If gi represents the sound /z/ or /j/ before an i, that i is entirely merged with the gi. For example, use gì, gỉ, giết, not *giì, *giỉ, *giiết.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French ji.

Noun

gi

1. The name of the Latin-script letter J.

Synonyms

• ri

Welsh

Noun

gi m

1. Soft mutation of ci.

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
ci	gi	nghi	chi
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Yoruba

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɡí/

Noun

gí

1. The name of the Latin-script letter G.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) lẹ́tà; á, bí, dí, é, ẹ́, fí, gí, gbì, hí, í, jí, kí, lí, mí, ní, ó, ọ́, pí, rí, sí, ṣí, tí, ú, wí, yí