peer

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See also: Peer and Per

English[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle English piren (“to peer”), from or related to Saterland Frisian pierje (“to look”), Dutch Low Saxon piren (“to look”), West Flemish pieren (“to look with narrowed eyes, squint at”), Dutch pieren (“to look closely at, examine”), which could all be related to the root of English blear. Or, possibly from a shortening of appear.

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

peer (third-person singular simple present peers, present participle peering, simple past and past participle peered)

  1. (intransitive) To look with difficulty, or as if searching for something.
  2. (intransitive, obsolete) To come in sight; to appear.
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]

Noun[edit]

peer (plural peers)

  1. A look; a glance.
    • 1970, William Crookes, T. A. Malone, George Shadbolt, The British journal of photography, volume 117, page 58:
      Blessed are those organisers who provide one-and-all with a name tag, for then the participants will chat together. A quick peer at your neighbour's lapel is much the simplest way to become introduced […]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Middle English pere, per, from Anglo-Norman peir, Old French per, from Latin pār. Doublet of pair and par.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

peer (plural peers)

  1. Somebody who is, or something that is, at a level or of a value equal (to that of something else).
  2. Someone who is approximately the same age (as someone else).
  3. A noble with a title, i.e., a peerage, and in times past, with certain rights and privileges not enjoyed by commoners.
    a peer of the realm
  4. A comrade; a companion; an associate.
Translations[edit]
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Verb[edit]

peer (third-person singular simple present peers, present participle peering, simple past and past participle peered)

  1. To make equal in rank.
    • 1670, Peter Heylyn, Aerius Redivivus:
      Being now Peered with the Lord Chancellor, and the Earl of Essex.
  2. (Internet) To carry communications traffic terminating on one's own network on an equivalency basis to and from another network, usually without charge or payment. Contrast with transit where one pays another network provider to carry one's traffic.
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

pee +‎ -er

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

peer (plural peers)

  1. (informal) Someone who pees, someone who urinates.
    • 1999 August 22, “Re: Swimming after eating”, in alt.folklore.urban‎[3] (Usenet):
      As was the caveat about peeing in a pool. Of course, peeing in a pool wasn't dangerous to the person ... If you peed in a pool, and you were carrying the polio virus, presumably *other* people were put at risk, not the peer (pee-er?).
    • 2000 August 29, “Re: 32 month old urinating in his room! HELP!”, in alt.parenting.solutions‎[4] (Usenet):
      SOunds[sic] like you've already broken him quite well, if he's peeing when disciplined. Pretty sad. He's not a dog, not that treating a dog like this is any better either. You've turned your child into a submissive peer.
    • 2003 October 11, “Re: do female's "mark" their territory?”, in rec.pets.dogs.behavior‎[5] (Usenet):
      Submissive peeing, on the other hand, IS related to anxiety. But submissive peeing is not marking. A submissive peer is generally a very submissive dog.

Anagrams[edit]

Afrikaans[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Dutch peer, from Middle Dutch pēre, from Vulgar Latin *pira, from Latin pirum.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

peer (plural pere)

  1. pear

Dutch[edit]

Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Dutch pēre, from Vulgar Latin *pira, from Latin pirum.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

peer f (plural peren, diminutive peertje n)

  1. A pear, a fruit of the pear tree.
    De supermarkt verkoopt heerlijke peren van lokale boomgaarden.
    The supermarket sells delicious pears from local orchards.
    Ik heb een sappige rijpe peer voor mijn lunch.
    I have a juicy ripe pear for my lunch.
  2. A light bulb.
    Het oude peertje in de lamp is kapot, we moeten het vervangen.
    The old light bulb in the lamp is broken, we need to replace it.
    Ze draaide het peertje in de fitting en de kamer was weer verlicht.
    She screwed in the light bulb and the room was illuminated again.

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Afrikaans: peer
  • Jersey Dutch: pêr
  • → Aukan: peli
  • → Saramaccan: péíli (from the diminutive form)

Noun[edit]

peer m (plural peren, diminutive peertje n)

  1. A pear tree, Pyrus communis.
    De tuin heeft een prachtige peer staan die elk jaar veel fruit produceert.
    The garden has a beautiful pear tree that yields a lot of fruit every year.
    Hij plantte een jong peertje in zijn achtertuin.
    He planted a young pear tree in his backyard.
    De oude peer in de boomgaard gaf heerlijke vruchten.
    The old pear tree in the orchard produced delicious fruits.

Anagrams[edit]

Estonian[edit]

Estonian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia et

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈpeːr/, [ˈpeːr]
This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Etymology 1[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun[edit]

peer (genitive peeru, partitive peeru)

  1. (colloquial) fart
    Synonym: puuks
Declension[edit]
Declension of peer (ÕS type 22e/riik, length gradation)
singular plural
nominative peer peerud
accusative nom.
gen. peeru
genitive peerude
partitive peeru peere
peerusid
illative peeru
peerusse 		peerudesse
peeresse
inessive peerus peerudes
peeres
elative peerust peerudest
peerest
allative peerule peerudele
peerele
adessive peerul peerudel
peerel
ablative peerult peerudelt
peerelt
translative peeruks peerudeks
peereks
terminative peeruni peerudeni
essive peeruna peerudena
abessive peeruta peerudeta
comitative peeruga peerudega

Etymology 2[edit]

From French pair.

Noun[edit]

peer (genitive peeri, partitive peeri)

  1. (historical) peer (member of high nobility with certain political privileges)
  2. (politics) peer (member of the UK House of Lords)
    Synonym: lord
Declension[edit]
Declension of peer (ÕS type 22e/riik, length gradation)
singular plural
nominative peer peerid
accusative nom.
gen. peeri
genitive peeride
partitive peeri peere
peerisid
illative peeri
peerisse 		peeridesse
peeresse
inessive peeris peerides
peeres
elative peerist peeridest
peerest
allative peerile peeridele
peerele
adessive peeril peeridel
peerel
ablative peerilt peeridelt
peerelt
translative peeriks peerideks
peereks
terminative peerini peerideni
essive peerina peeridena
abessive peerita peerideta
comitative peeriga peeridega

Further reading[edit]

  • peer in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
  • “peer”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
  • “peer”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN

Middle English[edit]

Noun[edit]

peer

  1. Alternative form of pere (“peer”)

Adjective[edit]

peer

  1. Alternative form of pere (“equal”)

Scots[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle English pere (“pear”), from Old English pere, peru, from Vulgar Latin *pira, from Latin pirum.

Noun[edit]

peer (plural peers)

  1. pear (fruit)
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Middle English piren (“to peer”).

Verb[edit]

peer (third-person singular simple present peers, present participle peerin, simple past peert, past participle peert)

  1. To peer.

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Latin pēdere, pēdō, from Proto-Italic *pezdō from Proto-Indo-European *pesd-.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /peˈeɾ/ [peˈeɾ]
  • Rhymes: -eɾ
  • Syllabification: pe‧er

Verb[edit]

peer (first-person singular present peo, first-person singular preterite peí, past participle peído)

  1. to break wind, to fart
  2. (reflexive) to break wind; fart

Conjugation[edit]

    Conjugation of peer (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive peer
gerund peyendo
past participle masculine feminine
singular peído peída
plural peídos peídas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present peo peestú
peésvos 		pee peemos peéis peen
imperfect peía peías peía peíamos peíais peían
preterite peí peíste peyó peímos peísteis peyeron
future peeré peerás peerá peeremos peeréis peerán
conditional peería peerías peería peeríamos peeríais peerían
subjunctive yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present pea peastú
peásvos2 		pea peamos peáis pean
imperfect
(ra) 		peyera peyeras peyera peyéramos peyerais peyeran
imperfect
(se) 		peyese peyeses peyese peyésemos peyeseis peyesen
future1 peyere peyeres peyere peyéremos peyereis peyeren
imperative — tú
vos 		usted nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ustedes
affirmative peetú
peévos 		pea peamos peed pean
negative no peas no pea no peamos no peáis no pean

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of peer

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive peer
dative peerme peerte peerle, peerse peernos peeros peerles, peerse
accusative peerme peerte peerlo, peerla, peerse peernos peeros peerlos, peerlas, peerse
with gerund peyendo
dative peyéndome peyéndote peyéndole, peyéndose peyéndonos peyéndoos peyéndoles, peyéndose
accusative peyéndome peyéndote peyéndolo, peyéndola, peyéndose peyéndonos peyéndoos peyéndolos, peyéndolas, peyéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative pee
dative péeme péete péele péenos not used péeles
accusative péeme péete péelo, péela péenos not used péelos, péelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative peé
dative peeme peete peele peenos not used peeles
accusative peeme peete peelo, peela peenos not used peelos, peelas
with formal second-person singular imperative pea
dative péame not used péale, péase péanos not used péales
accusative péame not used péalo, péala, péase péanos not used péalos, péalas
with first-person plural imperative peamos
dative not used peámoste peámosle peámonos peámoos peámosles
accusative not used peámoste peámoslo, peámosla peámonos peámoos peámoslos, peámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative peed
dative peedme not used peedle peednos peeos peedles
accusative peedme not used peedlo, peedla peednos peeos peedlos, peedlas
with formal second-person plural imperative pean
dative péanme not used péanle péannos not used péanles, péanse
accusative péanme not used péanlo, péanla péannos not used péanlos, péanlas, péanse
    Conjugation of peerse (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive peerse
gerund peyéndose
past participle masculine feminine
singular peído peída
plural peídos peídas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
personal non-finite yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
infinitive peerme peerte peerse peernos peeros peerse
gerund peyéndome peyéndote peyéndose peyéndonos peyéndoos peyéndose
indicative yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present me peo te peestú
te peésvos 		se pee nos peemos os peéis se peen
imperfect me peía te peías se peía nos peíamos os peíais se peían
preterite me peí te peíste se peyó nos peímos os peísteis se peyeron
future me peeré te peerás se peerá nos peeremos os peeréis se peerán
conditional me peería te peerías se peería nos peeríamos os peeríais se peerían
subjunctive yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present me pea te peastú
te peásvos2 		se pea nos peamos os peáis se pean
imperfect
(ra) 		me peyera te peyeras se peyera nos peyéramos os peyerais se peyeran
imperfect
(se) 		me peyese te peyeses se peyese nos peyésemos os peyeseis se peyesen
future1 me peyere te peyeres se peyere nos peyéremos os peyereis se peyeren
imperative — tú
vos 		usted nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ustedes
affirmative péetetú
peetevos 		péase peámonos peeos péanse
negative no te peas no se pea no nos peamos no os peáis no se pean

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Related terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

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