sn

See also: Sn, SN, s.n., .sn, s'n, s/n, S/N, and šn

Translingual

Symbol

sn

1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Shona.
2. (mathematics) elliptic sine

English

Noun

sn

1. (Internet) Abbreviation of screenname.

Anagrams

• N's, N.S., N/S, NS, Ns, n's, n.s., ns

Abinomn

Noun

sn

1. (anatomy) liver

Demotic

Etymology

From Egyptian (sn).

Pronunciation

• (Bohairic, Sahidic) IPA^(key): /son/
• (Akhmimic, Fayyumic) IPA^(key): /san/

Noun

⁠ m

1. brother

Descendants

• Coptic: ⲥⲟⲛ (son) (Sahidic, Bohairic), ⲥⲁⲛ (san) (Fayyumic, Akhmimic)

References

• Erichsen, Wolja (1954) Demotisches Glossar, Copenhagen: Ejnar Munksgaard, pages 435–436

Egyptian

Etymology 1

Related to snwj (“two”). Compare with Migaama sin and Blin šan.

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /san/ → /san/ → /san/ → /san/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /san/(singular); IPA^(key): /saˈnuːwaw/ (plural)
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /san/(singular); IPA^(key): /saˈnuːwaw/ (plural)
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /san/(singular); IPA^(key): /səˈnuːwə/ (plural)
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /san/(singular); IPA^(key): /səˈneːw/ (plural)

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɛn/
  • Conventional anglicization: sen

Noun

 m

1. brother
2. (by extension) any closely related male family member, such as a cousin, uncle, or nephew
3. male lover or suitor
4. husband
5. (usually in the plural) a person of equal status who belongs to the same group or shares common characteristics; fellow
6. coworker, colleague
7. one of two opposing disputants in court, litigant

Inflection

Declension of sn (masculine)

singular	sn
dual	snwj
plural	snw

Derived terms

• sn-n-mwt
• snt
• qbḥ-snw.f

 

Descendants

• Demotic: ⁠ (sn)
  • Coptic: ⲥⲟⲛ (son) (Sahidic, Bohairic), ⲥⲁⲛ (san) (Fayyumic, Akhmimic)

Etymology 2

Pronoun

 pl 3. enclitic (‘dependent’) pronoun

1. they, them (see usage notes)

Usage notes

This form of pronoun is an enclitic that must directly follow the word it modifies. Its meaning depends on its context:

• When it follows a verb, it indicates the object of the verb.
• In the second and third person when it follows an adjective, it forms the subject of an adjectival sentence.
• When it follows a relative adjective, such as ntj, ntt, or jsṯ, it indicates the subject of the relative clause (usually only in the first person singular and third person common).
• When it follows an imperative, it indicates the subject or the object of the verb.
• When it follows a particle like m.k, it indicates the subject of the clause.
• When attached to a preposition, it indicates the object of the preposition.

Inflection

Old Egyptian personal pronouns

	number	first person	second person		third person
			masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
suffix pronouns	singular	∅, .j	.k, .kj1	.ṯ, .ṯn	.f, .fj1	.s, .sj1
	dual	.nj	.ṯnj		.snj
	plural	.n	.ṯn		.sn
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns	singular	w, wj, wy	kw, k, ṯw, ṯ	ṯm, ṯn	sw, s	s
	dual	—	ṯnj		snj
	plural	n	ṯn		sn
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	singular	jnk	ṯwt	ṯmt	swt	stt
	dual	—	—		ntsnj
	plural	—	ntṯn		ntsn, jntsn
stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings	singular	.kj, .k	.tj, .t		∅, .j	.tj, .t
	dual	—	.tjwn		.wy, .wj	.ty
	plural	.wn, .nw			∅, .w, .y, .wy	.tj, .t
Only when attached to a dual noun or prospective participle.

Middle Egyptian personal pronouns

	number	first person	second person		third person
			masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
suffix pronouns	singular	∅, .j	.k, .kj1	.ṯ, .t	.f, .fj1	.s, .sj1
	dual2	.nj	.ṯnj, .tnj		.snj
	plural	.n	.ṯn, .tn		.sn, .w3
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns	singular	wj, w	ṯw, tw	ṯn, tn	sw, st	sj, s, st
	plural	n	ṯn, tn		sn, st
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	singular	jnk	ntk, ṯwt2	ntṯ, ntt, ṯwt2	ntf, swt2	nts, swt2
	plural	jnn3	ntṯn, nttn		ntsn
stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings	singular	.kw	.tj, .t, .tw3		∅, .w	.tj, .t, .tw3
	plural	.wn, .wjn	.tjwn, .tjwnj		∅, .w, .y
proclitic (‘subject form’) pronouns3	singular	tw.j	tw.k	tw.t	sw	sj, st
	plural	tw.n	tw.tn		st
Only when attached to a dual noun or prospective participle. Only in formal texts, especially religious texts. Only in postclassical (Neo-Middle Egyptian) texts.

Late Egyptian personal pronouns

	number	first person	second person		third person
			masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
suffix pronouns	singular	∅, .j	.k, .kw	.t	.f, .fj	.s, .st, .sw
	plural	.n	.tn, .twn		.w, .sn1
enclitic (‘dependent’) pronouns1	singular	wj	tw, tj		sw, st
	plural	n, wn	twn		sn, st
stressed (‘independent’) pronouns	singular	jnk	mntk, mtwk	mntt, mtwy	mntf	mntst, mntjst
	plural	jnn	mnttn		mntw
stative (‘pseudoparticiple’) endings1	singular	.kw, .k	.tj, .tw		∅, .w, .y	.tj, .tw
	plural	.nw	.tn		∅, .w, .y
	unmarked (later)	∅, .tw
proclitic (‘subject form’) pronouns	singular	tw.j	tw.k	tw.t	sw	st, sw
	plural	tw.n	tw.tn		st, sw, swt
Only in formal texts, especially religious texts.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sn  

sn	sn	sn

Etymology 3

Compare with Hausa sansana (“to smell”).

Verb

 2-lit.

1. (transitive) to kiss
   • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 132–134:

     jr qn{n}.k rwḏ jb.k mḥ.k qnj.k m ẖrdw.k sn.k ḥmt.k mꜣ.k pr.k

     If you are stalwart, with your mind firm, you will fill your embrace with your children, you will kiss your wife, and you will see your home.

2. (transitive) to smell

Inflection

Conjugation of sn (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: sn, geminated stem: snn

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
sn	snw, sn	snt	sn, j.sn	sn, j.sn

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
sn	ḥr sn	m sn	r sn

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	sn.n	snw, sn	consecutive	sn.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	snt
perfective3	sn	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	sn.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	sn, j.sn1	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	sn	snn	potentialis1	sn.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	sn, j.sn1	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	sn.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	sn	active + .tj1, .tw2	sn	snn, snnj6, sn2, snw2 5, sny2 5
imperfective	j.sn1, sn, sny, snw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	j.sn1, j.snw1 5, sn, snj6, sny6	sn, snw5
prospective	sn, sntj7	—	sntj4, snt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Derived terms

• snsn
• sn-tꜣ

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 51.
• Revez, J. (2003) “The Metaphorical Use of the Kinship Term sn ‘Brother’”, in Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt, volume 40, pages 123–131

Italian

Verb

sn

1. (text messaging, slang) Abbreviation of sono.

Swedish

Noun

sn c

1. Abbreviation of socken (“parish”).

   Piteå sn

   parish of Piteå

See also

• hd

Anagrams

• n.s.