اختصار

Arabic

Root
خ ص ر (ḵ-ṣ-r)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ix.ti.sˤaːr/

Noun

اِخْتِصَار • (iḵtiṣār) m (plural اِخْتِصَارَات (iḵtiṣārāt))

1. verbal noun of اِخْتَصَرَ (iḵtaṣara) (form VIII)
2. abbreviation
3. shortening

Declension

Declension of noun اِخْتِصَار (iḵtiṣār)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	اِخْتِصَار iḵtiṣār	الِاخْتِصَار al-iḵtiṣār	اِخْتِصَار iḵtiṣār
Nominative	اِخْتِصَارٌ iḵtiṣārun	الِاخْتِصَارُ al-iḵtiṣāru	اِخْتِصَارُ iḵtiṣāru
Accusative	اِخْتِصَارًا iḵtiṣāran	الِاخْتِصَارَ al-iḵtiṣāra	اِخْتِصَارَ iḵtiṣāra
Genitive	اِخْتِصَارٍ iḵtiṣārin	الِاخْتِصَارِ al-iḵtiṣāri	اِخْتِصَارِ iḵtiṣāri
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	اِخْتِصَارَيْن iḵtiṣārayn	الِاخْتِصَارَيْن al-iḵtiṣārayn	اِخْتِصَارَيْ iḵtiṣāray
Nominative	اِخْتِصَارَانِ iḵtiṣārāni	الِاخْتِصَارَانِ al-iḵtiṣārāni	اِخْتِصَارَا iḵtiṣārā
Accusative	اِخْتِصَارَيْنِ iḵtiṣārayni	الِاخْتِصَارَيْنِ al-iḵtiṣārayni	اِخْتِصَارَيْ iḵtiṣāray
Genitive	اِخْتِصَارَيْنِ iḵtiṣārayni	الِاخْتِصَارَيْنِ al-iḵtiṣārayni	اِخْتِصَارَيْ iḵtiṣāray
Plural	sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	اِخْتِصَارَات iḵtiṣārāt	الِاخْتِصَارَات al-iḵtiṣārāt	اِخْتِصَارَات iḵtiṣārāt
Nominative	اِخْتِصَارَاتٌ iḵtiṣārātun	الِاخْتِصَارَاتُ al-iḵtiṣārātu	اِخْتِصَارَاتُ iḵtiṣārātu
Accusative	اِخْتِصَارَاتٍ iḵtiṣārātin	الِاخْتِصَارَاتِ al-iḵtiṣārāti	اِخْتِصَارَاتِ iḵtiṣārāti
Genitive	اِخْتِصَارَاتٍ iḵtiṣārātin	الِاخْتِصَارَاتِ al-iḵtiṣārāti	اِخْتِصَارَاتِ iḵtiṣārāti

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: ixtisar
• → Indonesian: ikhtisar
• → Persian: اختصار
  • → Urdu: اختصار
• → Ottoman Turkish: اختصار
  • → Turkish: ihtisar

Persian

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔix.ti.ˈsɑːɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɪx.t̪ʰɪ.sɑ́ːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɪx.t̪ʰɪ.sɑ́ːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔɪx.t̪ʰɪ.sɑ́ːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔix.t̪ʰi.sɔ́ːɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔex.t̪ʰe.sɒ́ːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔiχ.t̪ʰi.sɔ́ɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	ixtisār
Dari reading?	ixtisār
Iranian reading?	extesâr
Tajik reading?	ixtisor

• Rhymes: -âr

Noun

اختصار • (extesâr)

1. abbreviation
2. summary

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian اِخْتِصَار (ixtisār), from Arabic اِخْتِصَار (iḵtiṣār).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɪx.t̪ɪ.sɑːɾ/
• Rhymes: -ɑːɾ
• Hyphenation: اِخ‧تِ‧صَار

Noun

اِخْتِصَار • (ixtisār) m (Hindi spelling इख़्तिसार)

1. brief, summary
2. abridgement; abbreviation
3. conciseness; brevity; condensation
4. (mathematics) simplification (of fractions)

Declension

Declension of اختصار
	singular	plural
direct	اِخْتِصَار (ixtisār)	اِخْتِصَار (ixtisār)
oblique	اِخْتِصَار (ixtisār)	اِخْتِصَاروں (ixtisārō̃)
vocative	اِخْتِصَار (ixtisār)	اِخْتِصَارو (ixtisārō)

Further reading

• “اختصار”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “اختصار”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “اختصار”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• Platts, John T. (1884) “اختصار”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• S. W. Fallon (1879) “اِخ؟تِصار”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co., page 50
• John Shakespear (1834) “اختصار”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3^rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC