چوب

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See also: چوپ, حوت, چوٹ, خوب, چوت, and جوب

Persian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle Persian [script needed] (cwp /⁠čōb⁠/, wood, stick). Cognate with Central Kurdish چو (çu), شیو (şîw), Sanskrit क्षुप (kṣupa, bush). Further connections outside Indo-Iranian uncertain.

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? čōḇ
Dari reading? čōb
Iranian reading? čub
Tajik reading? čüb

Noun

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Dari چوب
Iranian Persian
Tajik чӯб

چوب (čub) (plural چوب‌ها (čub-hâ))

  1. wood
    Synonym: الوار (alvâr)
    چوب ماهونčub-e mâhunmahogany wood
  2. stick; staff; wooden pole
    • c. 1060, Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Safarnāma [Book of Travels]‎[1]:
      برف و سرمایی عظیم بود و در صحرایی در پیش شهر، مقداری راه چوبی به زمین فرو برده بودند تا مردم روز برف و دمه بر هنجار آن چوب می‌روند.
      barf u sarmāyī azīm būd u dar sahrāyē dar pēš-i šahr, miqdarē rāh čōbē ba zamīn furō burda būdand tā mardum rōz-i barf u dama bar hanjār-i ān čōb mē-rawand.
      The snow and cold was extreme, and in the wasteland before the city, they had inserted a wooden pole into the earth along a portion of the road so that people could make their way by that pole on a day of snow and blizzard.
  3. blow (with a stick)
  4. (obsolete) tree
    Synonym: درخت (deraxt)
    • c. 1060, Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Safarnāma [Book of Travels]‎[2]:
      و در آن حدود مردم را دیدم که در کوه می‌گردیدند و چوبی چون درخت سرو می‌بریدند. پرسیدم که از این چه می‌کنید؟ گفتند: این چوب را یک سر در آتش می‌کنیم و از دیگر سر آن قطران بیرون می‌آید، همه را در چاه جمع می‌کنیم و از آنجا در ظروف می‌کنیم و به اطراف می‌بریم.
      wa dar ān hudūd mardum rā dīdam ki dar kōh mē-gardīdand u čōbē čōn diraxt-i sarv mē-barridand. pursīdam ki az īn či mē-kunēd? guftand: īn čōb rā yak sar dar ātiš mē-kunēm u az digar sar-i ān qatrān bērōn mē-āyad. hama rā dar čāh jam' mē-kunēm u az ānjā dar zurūf mē-kunēm u ba atrāf mē-barēm.
      And in that neighborhood, I saw people who were strolling in the mountains and cutting down a tree like a cypress. I asked, "What are you doing by this?" They said: "If you put one end of this tree in fire, tar comes out the other end. We're putting all of it together in a pit, putting them into pots, and bringing them to the lands nearby [to sell]."

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Georgian: შუბი (šubi)
  • Gujarati: ચોબ (cob)

References

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  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “چوب”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
  • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “cwp”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 23
  • Horn, Paul (1893) Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, page 99
  • Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 77