ast

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ast"

Translingual

Symbol

ast

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Asturian.

English

Verb

ast

1. Pronunciation spelling of asked, simple past and past participle of ask
   • 1937, John Steinbeck, Of Mice and Men‎^[1], Penguin Books Limited, published 2000, →ISBN:

     Curley said, "Well, I didn't mean nothing, Slim. I just ast you."

   • 1988 October 21, Bryan Miller, “Strangers in a Train Station”, in Chicago Reader‎^[2]:

     I just ast her.

Anagrams

• ATS, ATs, S. A. T., S.A.T., SAT, STA, Sat, Sat., Sta, Sta., T.A.s, TA's, TAS, TAs, TSA, Tas, Tas., at's, ats, sat, sat., sta, tas

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin hasta (“spear, lance”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈast]

Noun

ast m (plural asts or astos)

1. spit, skewer

   pollastre a l'ast

   chicken on the skewer

Derived terms

• aster
• enastar

Related terms

• asta

Further reading

• “ast” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Cimbrian

Etymology

From Middle High German ast, from Old High German ast.

Cognates

Cognate with German Ast, Dutch ast, Gothic 𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (asts); also Old Armenian ոստ (ost), Ancient Greek ὄζος (ózos).

Noun

ast m (plural éste)

1. (Sette Comuni) conifer branch

   Dar ast ist guuts holtz so prönnan.

   Conifer branches make excellent firewood.

References

• “ast” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Ingrian

Spatial inflection of ast

→○	illative	asse
○	inessive	as
○→	elative	ast

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈɑstɑ/, [ˈɑs̠t]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈɑst/, [ˈɑʃt]
• Rhymes: -ɑst
• Hyphenation: ast

Postposition

ast (+ illative or allative)

1. (of time) up to, until
2. (of distance or motion) all the way to

ast (+ elative or ablative)

1. (of time) ever since
2. (of distance or motion) all the way from

Synonyms

• saa, nasse, nas, nast, asse

Derived terms

• nast

 

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 22

Khalaj

Perso-Arabic		اَست

Etymology

Cognate with Turkish ast.

Pronunciation

• (Talxâbî) IPA^(key): [ɒsd̥], [ɑsd̥]

Postposition

ast

1. under, below

   Synonym: asra

Noun

ast (definite accusative astı, plural astlar)

1. under, bottom
2. underside

   Synonyms: alt, asra

Declension

Declension of ast

	singular	plural
nominative	ast	astlar
genitive	astııñ	astlarııñ
dative	astqa	astlarqa
definite accusative	astı	astları
locative	astça	astlarça
ablative	astda	astlarda
instrumental	astla	astlarla
equative	astvâra	astlarvâra

Derived terms

• hadaqııñ astı (“shank, sole”)

References

• Doerfer, Gerhard (1971) Khalaj Materials, Indiana University, →ISBN

Latin

Etymology

Probably a univerbation of at +‎ est with subsequent contraction.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ast/, [äs̠t̪]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ast/, [äst̪]

Conjunction

ast

1. (law, protasis) but if, and if (in double stipulations)

   Synonyms: sīn autem, sī porrō

2. (literary, often followed by a vowel) but, however, whereas
   1. while, and

   Synonyms: at, sed

3. (literary) and then, forthwith, whereupon (followed immediately by a subject switch, normally a personal pronoun)

References

• “ast” on page 209 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “ast”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 59

Further reading

• “ast”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ast”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

Livonian

Alternative forms

• (Courland) astõ

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *astudak.

Verb

ast

1. step

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

From Central Kurdish ئاست (ast).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɑːst/

Noun

ast m or f (Arabic spelling ئاست)

1. level (degree or amount)

Declension

Declension of ast

Definite feminine and masculine gender
Case	Feminine (sg)	Masculine (sg)	Plural
Nominative	ast	ast	ast
Construct	asta	astê	astên
Oblique	astê	astî	astan
Demonstrative oblique	wê astê	wî astî	wan astan
Vocative	astê	asto	astino
Indefinite feminine and masculine gender
Case	Feminine (sg)	Masculine (sg)	Plural
Nominative	astek	astek	astin
Construct	asteke	astekî	astine
Oblique	astekê	astekî	astinan

References

• Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “ast”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 15

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *ast.

Noun

ast m

1. branch

Descendants

• Middle High German: ast
  • Cimbrian: ast
  • German: Ast
  • Luxembourgish: Aascht

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *ast.

Noun

ast m

1. branch

Descendants

• Middle Low German: ast