yna

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See also: -yna and -yňa

Welsh

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Cognate with Cornish ena and Breton ena.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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yna

  1. there
    1. At a place some distance away from the speaker
      Synonyms: y fan yna, yno
      Mae rhywun yna.There's someone there.
      Pwy sy 'na?Who's there?
    2. (informal) Used expletively directly following bod (to be) to indicate existence without adverbial force. (Used in a similar manner to English there is etc.. Especially common in north Wales.)
      Mae 'na si ar led.There's a rumour abroad.
  2. then next
    Synonym: wedyn
    Ewch i'r chwith, yna i'r dde ac yna i'r chwith eto.Go left, then right and then left again.
    Ac Yna Clywodd Sŵn y MôrAnd Then He Heard the Sound of the Sea
  3. (informal) (in conjuction with the definite article y)
    1. (following a singular noun) that
      Synonyms: hwnnw, honno
      y ferch ynathat girl (literally, “the girl there”)
      y bore 'nathat morning (literally, “the morning there”)
    2. (following a plural noun) those
      Synonym: hyn
      y merched ynathose girls (literally, “the girls there”)
      y boreau 'nathose girls (literally, “the mornings there”)

Usage notes

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  • In conjuction with the definite article y (yr before a vowel, 'r after a vowel), this adverb functions as a determiner would in English. Formal Welsh prefers the determiners hwnnw (that (masculine singular)), honno (that (feminine singular)) and hynny (those (plural)), all in conjuction with the definite article.

Derived terms

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  • acw (there)
  • dyma (there is/are, that is/are)
  • yma (here)
  • yno (there)

References

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “yna”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies