хохол
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Russian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Old East Slavic *хохолъ (*xoxolŭ), from Proto-Slavic *xoxolъ < *koxolъ. Compare Polish chochoł, Polish chachoł and Czech chochol.
The usage of хохол against Ukrainian people was derived from the оселе́дець (oselédecʹ), a traditional top-knot used by Ukrainian men. It acquired a derogatory connotation and is considered an ethnic slur as well as all the terms derived from it.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
хохо́л • (xoxól) m inan or m anim (genitive хохла́, nominative plural хохлы́, genitive plural хохло́в, feminine хохлу́шка or хохля́чка, diminutive хохоло́к)
- (inanimate) (birds) crest, (human hair) topknot, tuft of hair
- (animate, derogatory, ethnic slur, offensive) a Ukrainian, khokhol
Usage notes[edit]
- Originally the term was for Ukrainians, Belarusians and Zaporizhzhia Cossacks and also for simple people ("В князья не прыгал из хохлов..." A. Pushkin). The term was not always pejorative in Russia and is sometimes used by Ukrainians themselves in jest or ironically ("Українці мої! Дай вам Боже і щастя, і сил. Можна бути хохлом, і не згіркне від того хлібина..." V. Baranov (Ukrainian writer) - "My Ukrainians! May God give you both happiness and strength. You can be a khokhol, and bread will not turn sour from that ..."). There are proper names based on "хохол" - e.g. Хохол, Хохольский, Хохол-Тростянка, etc.
Declension[edit]
Declension of хохо́л (bian masc-form hard-stem accent-b reduc)
Synonyms[edit]
- (Ukrainian): украи́нец (ukraínec, noun) (neutral term), укр (ukr) (offensive), укро́п (ukróp, noun) (offensive, "dill"), салое́д (salojéd) (offensive, "lard-eater"), малоро́сс (maloróss), малору́сс (malorúss) (offensive, "little Russian"), Тара́с (Tarás) (derogatory, "Taras"), Мико́ла (Mikóla) (derogatory, "Michael")
Derived terms[edit]
- лохо́л (loxól) (slang, "a Ukrainian fool")
- хохлодро́чер (xoxlodróčer) (slang, "someone who supports Ukraine")
- хохлёнок (xoxljónok) (slang, "a Ukrainian child")
- хохлосра́ч (xoxlosráč) {slang, "a discussion about Ukrainian politics or relations with Russia")
- хохлушка (xoxluška, noun) ("a Ukrainian woman")
- хохляцкий (xoxljackij, adjective) ("related to Ukraine")
- Хохляндия (Xoxljandija, noun) ("Ukraine")
Descendants[edit]
- → Armenian: խախոլ (xaxol)
- → Azerbaijani: xaxol
- → English: khokhol, hohol
- → Ingrian: hohla
- → Polish: chachoł
- → Romanian: hahol (Moldova)
Ukrainian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
хохо́л • (xoxól) m pers (genitive хохла́, nominative plural хохли́, genitive plural хохлі́в, feminine хохлу́шка, relational adjective хохля́цький)
Declension[edit]
Declension of хохо́л (pers hard masc-form accent-b reduc)
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | хохо́л xoxól |
хохли́ xoxlý |
genitive | хохла́ xoxlá |
хохлі́в xoxlív |
dative | хохло́ві, хохлу́ xoxlóvi, xoxlú |
хохла́м xoxlám |
accusative | хохла́ xoxlá |
хохлі́в xoxlív |
instrumental | хохло́м xoxlóm |
хохла́ми xoxlámy |
locative | хохло́ві, хохлі́ xoxlóvi, xoxlí |
хохла́х xoxláx |
vocative | хо́хле xóxle |
хохли́ xoxlý |
Synonyms[edit]
- украї́нець (ukrajínecʹ) (neutral)
References[edit]
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “хохол”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
Categories:
- Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Russian 2-syllable words
- Russian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Russian lemmas
- Russian nouns
- Russian masculine nouns
- Russian inanimate nouns
- Russian animate nouns
- Russian nouns with multiple animacies
- Russian derogatory terms
- Russian ethnic slurs
- Russian offensive terms
- Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns
- Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-b nouns
- Russian nouns with accent pattern b
- Russian nouns with reducible stem
- ru:Hair
- ru:Ukraine
- ru:Male people
- Russian self-deprecatory terms
- Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ukrainian lemmas
- Ukrainian nouns
- Ukrainian masculine nouns
- Ukrainian personal nouns
- Ukrainian derogatory terms
- Ukrainian ethnic slurs
- Ukrainian offensive terms
- Ukrainian hard masculine-form nouns
- Ukrainian hard masculine-form accent-b nouns
- Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern b
- Ukrainian nouns with reducible stem
- uk:Ukraine
- uk:Male people
- Ukrainian self-deprecatory terms