կրտսեր

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Armenian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian կրտսեր (krtser).

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

կրտսեր (krtser) (superlative ամենակրտսեր)

  1. youngest (especially, youngest child in the family)
  2. younger, junior
    կրտսեր լեյտենանտkrtser leytenantjunior lieutenant
    կրտսեր սերժանտkrtser seržantjunior sergeant

Declension[edit]

Old Armenian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

An Iranian borrowing: compare Baluchi کَستِر (kaster, smallest, youngest), Sogdian [script needed] (kstr /⁠kastar⁠/, less, inferior), Ossetian кӕстӕр (kæstær, younger), Khotanese kastara- (inferior, without authority), Bactrian κισαδαρο (kisadaro, lesser), Pashto کشر (kəšr, kə́šər, kíšər, junior, younger), Parthian 𐫞𐫘𐫀𐫅𐫡 (qsʾdr /⁠kasādar⁠/), Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (kstl /⁠kehtar⁠/), Persian کهتر (kehtar, smaller, younger). These contain Proto-Iranian *kas- (to be small, diminish, lessen) and *-tarah (comparative suffix). For more see կէս (kēs) and ESIJa,[1] without the Armenian. Possibly reshaped under the influence of սեր (ser, offspring, generation).

Adjective[edit]

կրտսեր (krtser)

  1. younger, youngest
    • 5th century, Bible, Luke 15.12:
      ասէ կրտսերն ի նոցանէ ցհայրն․ հայր՝ տուր ինձ բաժին որ անկանի յընչիցդ։
      asē krtsern i nocʻanē cʻhayrn; hayr, tur inj bažin or ankani yənčʻicʻd.
      • Translation by King James Version (KJV)
        And the younger of them said to his father, Father, give me the portion of goods that falleth to me
    • 5th century, Bible, Luke 15.13:
      Եւ յետ ոչ բազում աւուրց՝ ժողովեալ զամենայն կրսերոյն՝ գնաց յաշխարհ հեռի․ եւ անդ վատնեաց զինչս իւր, զի կեայր անառակութեամբ։
      Ew yet očʻ bazum awurcʻ, žołoveal zamenayn krseroyn, gnacʻ yašxarh heṙi; ew and vatneacʻ zinčʻs iwr, zi keayr anaṙakutʻeamb.
      • Translation by King James Version (KJV)
        And not many days after the younger son gathered all together, and took his journey into a far country, and there wasted his substance with riotous living.
    • 5th century, Bible, Luke 22.26:
      այլ դուք՝ ոչ այնպէս․ այլ որ մեծն է ի ձեզ՝ եղիցի իբրեւ զկրտսերն, եւ առաջնորդն իբրեւ զսպասաւորն։
      ayl dukʻ, očʻ aynpēs; ayl or mecn ē i jez, ełicʻi ibrew zkrtsern, ew aṙaǰnordn ibrew zspasaworn.
      • Translation by King James Version (KJV)
        But ye shall not be so: but he that is greatest among you, let him be as the younger; and he that is chief, as he that doth serve.

Declension[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Armenian: կրտսեր (krtser)

References[edit]

  1. ^ Edelʹman, D. I. (2011) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 335–336

Further reading[edit]

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “կրտսեր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 685
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “կրտսեր”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 180–181
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “կրսեր”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy