خشک

Persian

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *Hhúškah (“dry”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsúškas (“dry”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂sews- (“to be dry”).

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [xuʃk]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xʊʃk]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xʊʃk]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [xʊʃk]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [xuʃk]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [xoʃkʲ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [χuʃk]

Readings
Classical reading?	xušk
Dari reading?	xušk
Iranian reading?	xošk
Tajik reading?	xušk

Adjective

Dari	خشک
Iranian Persian
Tajik	хушк

خشک • (xošk) (comparative خشک‌تَر (xošk-tar), superlative خشک‌تَرین (xošk-tarin))

1. dry
2. arid

Derived terms

• خشک شدن (xošk šodan)
• خشک کردن (xošk kardan)
• خشکسالی (xošksâli)
• خشکی (xoški)

 

Descendants

• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਖ਼ੁਸ਼ਕ (xuśak)

  Shahmukhi script: خشک (xušk)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian خُشْک (xušk), from Proto-Iranian *Hhúškah (“dry”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsúškas (“dry”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂sews- (“to be dry”). Doublet of سُوکھا (sūkhā, “dried up”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /xʊʃk/
• Rhymes: -ʊʃk

Adjective

خُشْک • (xuśk) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling ख़ुश्क)

1. dry
2. parched
3. withered

Further reading

• “خشک”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “خشک”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “خشک”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• Platts, John T. (1884) “خشك”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 490
• S. W. Fallon (1879) “خشک”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
• John Shakespear (1834) “خشک”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3^rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC