懸想

Chinese

		hang; suspend	to think; to believe; to suppose to think; to believe; to suppose; to wish; to want; to miss
trad. (懸想)		懸	想
simp. (悬想)		悬	想

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xuánxiǎng

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄢˊ ㄒㄧㄤˇ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xuánxiǎng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄢˊ ㄒㄧㄤˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syuánsiǎng
    • Wade–Giles: hsüan²-hsiang³
    • Yale: sywán-syǎng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyuansheang
    • Palladius: сюаньсян (sjuanʹsjan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛn³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Verb

懸想

1. to be concerned about (especially someone's welfare)
2. to guess; to conjecture

Synonyms

• (to be concerned about):

• 心念 (Hokkien)
• 念 (niàn) (literary, or in compounds)
• 惦念 (diànniàn)
• 惦記／惦记 (diànjì)
• 懸／悬 (xuán) (literary, or in compounds)
• 懸念／悬念 (xuánniàn) (formal)
• 掛念／挂念 (guàniàn)
• 掛意／挂意 (guàyì)
• 掛記／挂记 (Nanchang Gan, Yudu Hakka)
• 數念／数念 (siàu-liām) (Hokkien)
• 牽掛／牵挂 (qiānguà)
• 眷顧／眷顾 (juàngù) (formal)
• 記掛／记挂 (jìguà) (dialectal)
• 顧念／顾念 (gùniàn)

 

• (to guess):

• 估計／估计 (gūjì)
• 估量
• 假定 (jiǎdìng)
• 假想 (jiǎxiǎng)
• 假設／假设 (jiǎshè)
• 商量 (shāngliàng) (Classical Chinese)
• 嫌 (xián) (literary, or in compounds)
• 忖度 (cǔnduó) (literary)
• 思裁 (sīcái) (literary)
• 想象 (xiǎngxiàng)
• 懸／悬 (xuán) (literary, or in compounds)
• 懷疑／怀疑 (huáiyí)
• 打估 (Southern Pinghua)
• 推想 (tuīxiǎng)
• 推測／推测 (tuīcè)
• 掠算 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 揣度 (formal)
• 擬／拟 (nǐ)
• 母量 (mu³ liong) (Gan)
• 派胚 (Hokkien)
• 測／测 (cè) (literary, or in compounds)
• 測估／测估 (cègū)
• 測度／测度 (cèduó)
• 測算／测算 (cèsuàn)
• 猜 (cāi)
• 猜度 (cāiduó)
• 猜想 (cāixiǎng)
• 猜摸 (cāimo)
• 猜料 (cāiliào)
• 猜測／猜测 (cāicè)
• 猜詳／猜详 (cāixiáng)
• 算 (suàn)
• 算計／算计 (suànjì)
• 約摸／约摸 (yuēmo)
• 臭疑 (Hokkien)
• 臭青疑 (Hokkien)
• 虛擬／虚拟 (xūnǐ)
• 要約／要约 (iau³ ieh⁴) (Jin)
• 設／设 (shè)
• 設想／设想 (shèxiǎng)
• 跋胚 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 辦胚／办胚 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 阿合 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
• 青疑 (Hokkien)
• 預計／预计 (yùjì)

 

Japanese

Kanji in this term
懸	想
け Grade: S	そう Grade: 3
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ke̞so̞ː]

Noun

懸(け)想(そう) • (kesō) ^{←けさう (kesau)?}

1. attachment
2. falling in love

Verb

懸(け)想(そう)する • (kesō suru) ^{←けさう (kesau)?}suru (stem 懸(け)想(そう)し (kesō shi), past 懸(け)想(そう)した (kesō shita))

1. to be attached, to fall in love

Conjugation

Conjugation of "懸想する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	懸想し	けそうし	kesō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	懸想し	けそうし	kesō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	懸想する	けそうする	kesō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	懸想する	けそうする	kesō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	懸想すれ	けそうすれ	kesō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	懸想せよ¹ 懸想しろ²	けそうせよ¹ けそうしろ²	kesō seyo¹ kesō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	懸想される	けそうされる	kesō sareru
Causative	懸想させる 懸想さす	けそうさせる けそうさす	kesō saseru kesō sasu
Potential	懸想できる	けそうできる	kesō dekiru
Volitional	懸想しよう	けそうしよう	kesō shiyō
Negative	懸想しない	けそうしない	kesō shinai
Negative continuative	懸想せず	けそうせず	kesō sezu
Formal	懸想します	けそうします	kesō shimasu
Perfective	懸想した	けそうした	kesō shita
Conjunctive	懸想して	けそうして	kesō shite
Hypothetical conditional	懸想すれば	けそうすれば	kesō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative