헛되다

Korean

Etymology

헛 (heot-, “false; in vain”, prefix) +‎ 되다 (doeda, “to become”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [hʌ̹t̚t͈we̞da̠] ~ [hʌ̹t̚t͈ø̞da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [헏뛔다/헏뙤다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	heotdoeda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	heosdoeda
McCune–Reischauer?	hŏttoeda
Yale Romanization?	hestoyta

Adjective

헛되다 • (heotdoeda) (infinitive 헛돼 or 헛되어, sequential 헛되니)

1. vain, fruitless
2. (usually in the 헛된 form) groundless, untrue

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 헛되다 (heotdoeda): vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	헛되다 heotdoeda	헛돼 heotdwae	헛돼요, 헛되어요 heotdwaeyo, heotdoeeoyo	헛됩니다 heotdoemnida
	Past	헛됐다 heotdwaetda	헛됐어 heotdwaesseo	헛됐어요 heotdwaesseoyo	헛됐습니다 heotdwaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	헛되냐 heotdoenya	헛돼 heotdwae	헛돼요, 헛되어요 heotdwaeyo, heotdoeeoyo	헛됩니까 heotdoemnikka
	Past	헛됐냐 heotdwaennya	헛됐어 heotdwaesseo	헛됐어요 heotdwaesseoyo	헛됐습니까 heotdwaetseumnikka
Assertive		헛되겠다 heotdoegetda	헛되겠어 heotdoegesseo	헛되겠어요 heotdoegesseoyo	헛되겠습니다 heotdoegetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		헛돼 heotdwae	헛돼서, 헛되어서 heotdwaeseo, heotdoeeoseo	헛되니 heotdoeni	헛되니까 heotdoenikka
Contrast		헛되지만 heotdoejiman	헛된데 heotdoende	헛되더니 heotdoedeoni
Conjunction		헛되고 heotdoego
Condition		헛되면 heotdoemyeon	헛돼야, 헛되어야 heotdwaeya, heotdoeeoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		헛됨 heotdoem	헛되기 heotdoegi
Past-tense verbal nouns		헛됐음, 헛되었음 heotdwaesseum, heotdoeeosseum	헛됐기, 헛되었기 heotdwaetgi, heotdoeeotgi
Determiners	Present		헛된 heotdoen
	Future		헛될 heotdoel

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	헛되시다 heotdoesida	헛되셔 heotdoesyeo	헛되세요, 헛되셔요 heotdoeseyo, heotdoesyeoyo	헛되십니다 heotdoesimnida
	Past	헛되셨다 heotdoesyeotda	헛되셨어 heotdoesyeosseo	헛되셨어요 heotdoesyeosseoyo	헛되셨습니다 heotdoesyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	헛되시냐 heotdoesinya	헛되셔 heotdoesyeo	헛되세요, 헛되셔요 heotdoeseyo, heotdoesyeoyo	헛되십니까 heotdoesimnikka
	Past	헛되셨냐 heotdoesyeonnya	헛되셨어 heotdoesyeosseo	헛되셨어요 heotdoesyeosseoyo	헛되셨습니까 heotdoesyeotseumnikka
Assertive		헛되시겠다 heotdoesigetda	헛되시겠어 heotdoesigesseo	헛되시겠어요 heotdoesigesseoyo	헛되시겠습니다 heotdoesigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		헛되셔 heotdoesyeo	헛되셔서 heotdoesyeoseo	헛되시니 heotdoesini	헛되시니까 heotdoesinikka
Contrast		헛되시지만 heotdoesijiman	헛되신데 heotdoesinde	헛되시더니 heotdoesideoni
Conjunction		헛되시고 heotdoesigo
Condition		헛되시면 heotdoesimyeon	헛되셔야 heotdoesyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		헛되심 heotdoesim	헛되시기 heotdoesigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		헛되셨음 heotdoesyeosseum	헛되셨기 heotdoesyeotgi
Determiners	Present		헛되신 heotdoesin
	Future		헛되실 heotdoesil

Derived terms

• 헛되이 (heotdoei, “in vain”, adverb)
• 헛된말 (heotdoenmal, “idle words”)