Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ṯamāniy-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Etymology

Compare with Central Atlas Tamazight ⵜⴰⵎ (tam) and Egyptian ḫmnw.

Numeral

Proto-Semitic numbers ^(edit)

←  7	8	9  →
Cardinal: *ṯamāniy-

*ṯamāniy-

1. eight

Usage notes

This number exhibited chiastic concord (gender polarity), in which masculine forms were used to agree with feminine nouns, and feminine forms with masculine nouns.

Inflection

Declension of *ṯamāniy-

Case	m	f
Nominative	*ṯamāniyum	*ṯamāniyatum
Genitive	*ṯamāniyim	*ṯamāniyatim
Accusative	*ṯamāniyam	*ṯamāniyatam

Descendants

• East Semitic:
  • Akkadian: 𒐍 (samānat)
• West Semitic:
  • Central Semitic:
    • Arabic: ثَمَانِيَة (ṯamāniya)
      • Egyptian Arabic: تمانية (tamanya)
      • Maltese: tmienja
      • Moroccan Arabic: تمنية (tmanya)
      • South Levantine Arabic: تمانية (tamanye)
    • Aramaic:

      Syriac script: ܬ݁ܡܳܢܝܳܐ (tmānyā), ܬ݁ܡܳܢܶܐ (tmāne)

      Hebrew script: תְּמָנְיָא (təmānəyā), תְּמָנֶא (tmāne)

      Western Neo-Aramaic: ܬܡܢܝܐ m (ṯmōnya), ܬܡܢ f (ṯmōn)

      • Canaanite:
        • Hebrew: שְׁמוֹנָה (sh'moná, šəmônâ), שְׁמוֹנֶה (sh'moné, šəmônɛ̂)
        • Phoenician: 𐤔𐤌𐤍 (šmn)
      • Ugaritic: 𐎘𐎎𐎐𐎚 (ṯmnt /⁠ṯamānītu⁠/)
  • Ethiopian Semitic:
    • Amharic: ስምንት (səmmənt)
    • Ge'ez: ሰማንቱ (sämantu), ሰማኒ (sämani)
    • Tigrinya: ሸሞንተ (šämmontä)
    • Tigre: ሰማን (samān)

References

• Huehnergard, John (2019) “Proto-Semitic”, in Huehnergard, John and Na'ama Pat-El, editors, The Semitic Languages, 2nd edition, Routledge, →ISBN, page 61