skumt
Latvian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
The origin of this word is unclear. One possibility is that it a form of the dialectal verb kumt “to bend, to stoop,” from Proto-Indo-European *kew-, *ku- “to swell, to bend” with an extra -m. The initial s would result from variation, as in the case of kumšķis ~ skumšķis (q.v.). The original meaning would thus have been “to bend, to stoop,” presumably from sadness, distress, depression (note the use of the prefix no- in the perfective noskumt; originally, no- denoted upward motion). Another hypothesis suggests a connection with the idea of “dark” or “darkening,” deriving skumt from Proto-Indo-European *kew- “to cover,” from which also Norwegian skume “dark,” Old Norse skúmi “twilight.”[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
skumt (intransitive, 1st conjugation, present skumstu, skumsti, skumst, past skumu)
- to be, become sad, to sadden, to feel sadness, sorrow, to grieve
- skumt par neveiksmēm ― to be sad about a failure
- un tomēr viņš gaidīja pavasari un skuma, ka ziema ir tik gara un barga ― and yet he waited for spring and was sad about winter being so long and harsh
- patiesību sakot, viņš daudz neskuma par Ēvalda aiziešanu ― truth be told, he wasn't really sad about Ēvalds' departure
- dārznieks skuma pēc sava mīļotā dēla un raudāja žēlas asaras ― the gardener grieved for his beloved son and cried sorrowful tears
- vientuļa, tukša skumst pamestā māja, / dūmenī vēji tik pusnaktīs gaudo ― lonely, empty, the abandoned house is sad, / the winds in the chimney howl at midnight
Conjugation[edit]
Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- prefixed verbs:
Related terms[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “skumt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Swedish[edit]
Adjective[edit]
skumt
- Latvian etymologies from LEV
- Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latvian words with falling intonation
- Latvian intransitive verbs
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian verbs
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- Latvian first conjugation verbs
- Latvian first conjugation verbs in -t
- Latvian -st- type first conjugation verbs
- Swedish non-lemma forms
- Swedish adjective forms