καρφηρός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From κᾰ́ρφος (kárphos, “dry straw”) +‎ -ρός (-rós, adjective suffix).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kar.pʰɛː.rós/ → /kar.ɸiˈros/ → /kar.fiˈros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kar.pʰɛː.rós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kar.pʰe̝ˈros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /kar.ɸiˈros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /kar.fiˈros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /kar.fiˈros/

Adjective

κᾰρφηρός • (karphērós) m (feminine κᾰρφηρᾱ́, neuter κᾰρφηρόν); first/second declension

1. of dry straw

Inflection

First and second declension of κᾰρφηρός; κᾰρφηρᾱ́; κᾰρφηρόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		κᾰρφηρός karphērós	κᾰρφηρᾱ́ karphērā́	κᾰρφηρόν karphērón		κᾰρφηρώ karphērṓ	κᾰρφηρᾱ́ karphērā́	κᾰρφηρώ karphērṓ		κᾰρφηροί karphēroí	κᾰρφηραί karphēraí	κᾰρφηρᾰ́ karphērá
Genitive		κᾰρφηροῦ karphēroû	κᾰρφηρᾶς karphērâs	κᾰρφηροῦ karphēroû		κᾰρφηροῖν karphēroîn	κᾰρφηραῖν karphēraîn	κᾰρφηροῖν karphēroîn		κᾰρφηρῶν karphērôn	κᾰρφηρῶν karphērôn	κᾰρφηρῶν karphērôn
Dative		κᾰρφηρῷ karphērôi	κᾰρφηρᾷ karphērâi	κᾰρφηρῷ karphērôi		κᾰρφηροῖν karphēroîn	κᾰρφηραῖν karphēraîn	κᾰρφηροῖν karphēroîn		κᾰρφηροῖς karphēroîs	κᾰρφηραῖς karphēraîs	κᾰρφηροῖς karphēroîs
Accusative		κᾰρφηρόν karphērón	κᾰρφηρᾱ́ν karphērā́n	κᾰρφηρόν karphērón		κᾰρφηρώ karphērṓ	κᾰρφηρᾱ́ karphērā́	κᾰρφηρώ karphērṓ		κᾰρφηρούς karphēroús	κᾰρφηρᾱ́ς karphērā́s	κᾰρφηρᾰ́ karphērá
Vocative		κᾰρφηρέ karphēré	κᾰρφηρᾱ́ karphērā́	κᾰρφηρόν karphērón		κᾰρφηρώ karphērṓ	κᾰρφηρᾱ́ karphērā́	κᾰρφηρώ karphērṓ		κᾰρφηροί karphēroí	κᾰρφηραί karphēraí	κᾰρφηρᾰ́ karphērá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		κᾰρφηρῶς karphērôs				κᾰρφηρότερος karphēróteros				κᾰρφηρότᾰτος karphērótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “καρφηρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• καρφηρός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette