троша
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Bulgarian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *trošiti (“to crumble”), with no exact synonyms in other Slavic languages. Morphologically identical to Macedonian троши (troši, “to deplete”), Serbo-Croatian тро̀шити (“to spend”), Russian потроши́ть (potrošítʹ, “to paunch”).
Verb[edit]
троша́ • (trošá) first-singular present indicative, impf
- (transitive) to crush, to crumble
- (transitive) to destroy
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of троша́ (conjugation 2.1, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | троша́щ, троше́щ1 trošášt, trošéšt1 |
троши́л trošíl |
троша́л, троше́л1 trošál, trošél1 |
троше́н trošén |
троше́йки trošéjki | |
| definite subject form | троша́щият, троше́щият1 trošáštijat, trošéštijat1 |
троши́лият trošílijat |
— | троше́ният trošénijat | |||
| definite object form | троша́щия, троше́щия1 trošáštija, trošéštija1 |
троши́лия trošílija |
— | троше́ния trošénija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | троша́ща, троше́ща1 trošášta, trošéšta1 |
троши́ла trošíla |
троша́ла, троше́ла1 trošála, trošéla1 |
троше́на trošéna | ||
| definite | троша́щата, троше́щата1 trošáštata, trošéštata1 |
троши́лата trošílata |
— | троше́ната trošénata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | троша́що, троше́що1 trošášto, trošéšto1 |
троши́ло trošílo |
троша́ло, троше́ло1 trošálo, trošélo1 |
троше́но trošéno |
троше́не trošéne | |
| definite | троша́щото, троше́щото1 trošáštoto, trošéštoto1 |
троши́лото trošíloto |
— | троше́ното trošénoto |
троше́нето trošéneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | троша́щи, троше́щи1 trošášti, trošéšti1 |
троши́ли trošíli |
троша́ли, троше́ли1 trošáli, trošéli1 |
троше́ни trošéni |
троше́ния, троше́нета trošénija, trošéneta | |
| definite | троша́щите, троше́щите1 trošáštite, trošéštite1 |
троши́лите trošílite |
— | троше́ните trošénite |
троше́нията, троше́нетата trošénijata, trošénetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | троша́ trošá |
троши́ш trošíš |
троши́ troší |
троши́м troším |
троши́те trošíte |
троша́т trošát | |
| imperfect | троша́х, троше́х1 trošáh, trošéh1 |
троше́ше trošéše |
троше́ше trošéše |
троша́хме, троше́хме1 trošáhme, trošéhme1 |
троша́хте, троше́хте1 trošáhte, trošéhte1 |
троша́ха, троше́ха1 trošáha, trošéha1 | |
| aorist | троши́х trošíh |
троши́ troší |
троши́ troší |
троши́хме trošíhme |
троши́хте trošíhte |
троши́ха trošíha | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and троши́л m, троши́ла f, троши́ло n, or троши́ли pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and троши́л m, троши́ла f, троши́ло n, or троши́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and троши́л m, троши́ла f, троши́ло n, or троши́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and троши́л m, троши́ла f, троши́ло n, or троши́ли pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and троша́л/троше́л1 m, троша́ла/троше́ла1 f, троша́ло/троше́ло1 n, or троша́ли/троше́ли1 pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and троши́л m, троши́ла f, троши́ло n, or троши́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and троши́л m, троши́ла f, троши́ло n, or троши́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and троши́л m, троши́ла f, троши́ло n, or троши́ли pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and троша́л/троше́л1 m, троша́ла/троше́ла1 f, троша́ло/троше́ло1 n, or троша́ли/троше́ли1 pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and троши́л m, троши́ла f, троши́ло n, or троши́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and троши́л m, троши́ла f, троши́ло n, or троши́ли pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and троша́л/троше́л1 m, троша́ла/троше́ла1 f, троша́ло/троше́ло1 n, or троша́ли/троше́ли1 pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and троши́л m, троши́ла f, троши́ло n, or троши́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and троши́л m, троши́ла f, троши́ло n, or троши́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and троши́л m, троши́ла f, троши́ло n, or троши́ли pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and троши́л m, троши́ла f, троши́ло n, or троши́ли pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| троши́ troší |
троше́те trošéte |
||||||
1Largely fallen into disuse.
Derived terms[edit]
- потроша́ pf (potrošá), потроша́вам impf (potrošávam, “to crush down”)
- строша́ pf (strošá), строша́вам impf (strošávam, “to smash”)
- трошля́к (trošlják, “fragment”)
- трошли́в (trošlív, “crumbly”)
Related terms[edit]
References[edit]
- “троша”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “троша”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- “трошити”, in Старобългарски речник [Old Bulgarian Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2024