чука
Bulgarian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Slavic *čuka, limited to South Slavic languages. Possibly of Paleo-Balkan origin (compare Albanian çukë (“hill; beak”), Romanian cioc (“beak”)) or native related to Bulgarian чу́кам (čúkam, “to hew, to forge”), ку́ка (kúka, “hook”). In the later case, the word would be akin to English height.
Noun[edit]
чу́ка • (čúka) f
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- “чука”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “чука”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
Macedonian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čuka.
Noun[edit]
Declension[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Verb[edit]
чука • (čuka) third-singular present, impf (perfective чукне)
- (transitive, frequentative) to knock, strike, beat
- (intransitive, frequentative) to throb, beat (e.g. heart)
Conjugation[edit]
l-participles | imperfect | aorist | non-finite forms | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | чукал | — | adjectival participle | чукан | ||
feminine | чукала | — | adverbial participle | чукајќи | ||
neuter | чукало | — | verbal noun | чукање | ||
plural | чукале | — | perfect participle | чукано | ||
present | imperfect | aorist | imperative | |||
1st singular | чукам | чукав | — | — | ||
2nd singular | чукаш | чукаше | — | чукај | ||
3rd singular | чука | чукаше | — | — | ||
1st plural | чукаме | чукавме | — | — | ||
2nd plural | чукате | чукавте | — | чукајте | ||
3rd plural | чукаат | чукаа | — | — | ||
Compound tenses | ||||||
perfect | сум чукал | present of сум (except in the 3rd person) + imperfect l-participle | ||||
има-perfect | имам чукано | present of има + perfect participle | ||||
pluperfect | бев чукал | imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle | ||||
има-pluperfect | имав чукано | imperfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
има-perfect reported | сум имал чукано | perfect of има + perfect participle | ||||
future | ќе чукам | ќе + present | ||||
има-future | ќе имам чукано | future of има + perfect participle | ||||
future in the past | ќе чукав | ќе + imperfect | ||||
има-future in the past | ќе имав чукано | future in the past of има + perfect participle | ||||
future reported | ќе сум чукал | ќе + imperfect l-participle | ||||
има-future reported | ќе сум имал чукано | future reported of има + perfect participle | ||||
conditional | би чукал | би + imperfect l-participle | ||||
има-conditional | би имал чукано | conditional of има + perfect participle |
Serbo-Croatian[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čuka, *čukъ. Compare Lithuanian čiùkaras (“sharp rock”), dialectal Bulgarian чука́ра (čukára) and dialectal Serbian чу̀кара (“sharp rock”). According to some others, the word is borrowed from pre-Slavic substratum due to the fact that it's absent in western Slavdom, the substratum language being possibly Albanian.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
чу̏ка f (Latin spelling čȕka)
- (regional) hill or hillock on one side extremely steep, and the other milder sloped
- (regional) hilltop
Declension[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
чу̏ка f (Latin spelling čȕka)
Declension[edit]
References[edit]
- “чука” in Hrvatski jezični portal
- Skok, Petar (1971) “чука”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 1 (A – J), Zagreb: JAZU, page 340
- Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1976), “*чука”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volumes 2 (caca – davьnota), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 285
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian lemmas
- Bulgarian nouns
- Bulgarian feminine nouns
- bg:Landforms
- Macedonian 2-syllable words
- Macedonian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Macedonian paroxytone terms
- Rhymes:Macedonian/uka
- Rhymes:Macedonian/uka/2 syllables
- Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Macedonian lemmas
- Macedonian nouns
- Macedonian feminine nouns
- Macedonian verbs
- Macedonian imperfective verbs
- Macedonian transitive verbs
- Macedonian frequentative verbs
- Macedonian intransitive verbs
- Macedonian verbs in -а
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns
- Regional Serbo-Croatian
- Serbo-Croatian slang
- sh:Landforms
- sh:Organs
- sh:Timekeeping