برف

See also: برق and ترف

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian برف (barf).

Noun

برف • (berf)

1. snow, the frozen state of water that falls as precipitation

   Synonyms: ثلج (selc), قار (kar)

Derived terms

• برفاب (berfab, “melted snow”)
• برفدار (berfdar, “snowy”)
• برفدان (berfdan, “icehouse”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: berf

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “berf”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 554
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “برف”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1], Constantinople: Mihran, page 261
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Nix”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[2], Vienna, column 1141
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “برف”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[3], Vienna, column 775
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “budak”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “برف”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[4], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 356

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian 𐭥𐭯𐭫 (ʿpl /⁠wafr⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *wafrah (“snow”). Compare Northern Kurdish berf, Central Kurdish بەفر (befr).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [baɾf]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bäɾf]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bäɾf]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bäɾf]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bäɾf]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bæɹf]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bäɾf]

Readings
Classical reading?	barf
Dari reading?	barf
Iranian reading?	barf
Tajik reading?	barf

• audio

  (file)

Noun

Dari	برف
Iranian Persian
Tajik	барф

برف • (barf)

1. snow

Related terms

• برفی (barfi)
• برف آمدن (barf âmadan)
• برف باریدن (barf bâridan)
• برف‌روب (barf-rub)
• آدم برفی (âdam-barfi)

Descendants

• → Bengali: বরফ (bôrof)
• → Bhojpuri: बरफ (baraph)
• → Gujarati: બરફ (baraph)
• → Hindustani:
  • Hindi: बर्फ़ (barf)
  • Urdu: برف (barf)
• → Marathi: बर्फ (barpha)
• → Nepali: बरफ (baraph)
• → Omani Arabic: برف (barf)
  • → Swahili: barafu
• → Ottoman Turkish: برف (berf)
• → Punjabi: ਬਰਫ਼ / برف (barf)
• → Sindhi: بَرْفَ (barfa)
• → Somali: baraf
• → Varli: બરફ

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian برف (barf).

Noun

بَرف • (barf) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਬਰਫ਼)

1. snow

Sindhi

Noun

بَرْفَ • (barfa) (Devanagari बर्फ़)

1. snow

Southwestern Fars

Noun

برف (barf)

1. (Masarm, Deh Sarv) snow

Urdu

برف (barf, "snow") laying beneath trees in a valley in Gilgit-Baltistan

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بَرْف (barf), derived from Middle Persian 𐭥𐭯𐭫 (ʿpl /⁠wafr⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *wafrah (“snow”) ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wapras. Cognate with Wakhi ورف (warf), Pashto واوره (wâwra) and Baluchi برپ (barp).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /bəɾf/
• (Punjabic Urdu) IPA^(key): [bə.ɾəf]
• Rhymes: -əɾf

Noun

بَرْف • (barf) f (Hindi spelling बर्फ़)

1. snow
2. ice, ice cube
3. (figurative) the cold, frigid
4. (figurative) white, shining

Declension

Declension of برف
	singular	plural
direct	بَرْف (barf)	بَرْفیں (barfẽ)
oblique	بَرْف (barf)	بَرْفوں (barfõ)
vocative	بَرْف (barf)	بَرْفو (barfo)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• بَرْفاب (barfāb)
• بَرْف َانی (barf anī)
• بَرْف باری (barf bārī)
• بَرْف بَرَسْنا (barf barasnā)
• بَرْف پَرْورْدَہ (barf parvarda)
• بَرْف پَڑْنا (barf parnā)
• بَرْف پوش (barf pōš)
• بَرْف پِینا (barf pīnā)

Further reading

• “برف”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “برف”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• “برف”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.