تعهد

Arabic

Root
ع ه د (ʕ-h-d)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ta.ʕah.hud/

Noun

تَعَهُّد • (taʕahhud) m

1. verbal noun of تَعَهَّدَ (taʕahhada) (form V)
2. pledge, guarantee
3. affidavit

Declension

Declension of noun تَعَهُّد (taʕahhud)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تَعَهُّد taʕahhud	التَّعَهُّد at-taʕahhud	تَعَهُّد taʕahhud
Nominative	تَعَهُّدٌ taʕahhudun	التَّعَهُّدُ at-taʕahhudu	تَعَهُّدُ taʕahhudu
Accusative	تَعَهُّدًا taʕahhudan	التَّعَهُّدَ at-taʕahhuda	تَعَهُّدَ taʕahhuda
Genitive	تَعَهُّدٍ taʕahhudin	التَّعَهُّدِ at-taʕahhudi	تَعَهُّدِ taʕahhudi

Descendants

• → Persian: تعهد
• → Ottoman Turkish: تعهد
  • Turkish: taahhüt

Verb

تَعْهَدُ • (taʕhadu) (form I)

1. second-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of عَهِدَ (ʕahida)
2. third-person feminine singular non-past active indicative of عَهِدَ (ʕahida)

Verb

تَعْهَدَ • (taʕhada) (form I)

1. second-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of عَهِدَ (ʕahida)
2. third-person feminine singular non-past active subjunctive of عَهِدَ (ʕahida)

Verb

تَعْهَدْ • (taʕhad) (form I)

1. second-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of عَهِدَ (ʕahida)
2. third-person feminine singular non-past active jussive of عَهِدَ (ʕahida)

Verb

تُعْهَدُ • (tuʕhadu) (form I)

1. second-person masculine singular non-past passive indicative of عَهِدَ (ʕahida)
2. third-person feminine singular non-past passive indicative of عَهِدَ (ʕahida)

Verb

تُعْهَدَ • (tuʕhada) (form I)

1. second-person masculine singular non-past passive subjunctive of عَهِدَ (ʕahida)
2. third-person feminine singular non-past passive subjunctive of عَهِدَ (ʕahida)

Verb

تُعْهَدْ • (tuʕhad) (form I)

1. second-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of عَهِدَ (ʕahida)
2. third-person feminine singular non-past passive jussive of عَهِدَ (ʕahida)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic تَعَهُّد (taʕahhud), verbal noun of تَعَهَّدَ (taʕahhada).

Noun

تعهد • (ta'ahhüd) (plural تعهدات)

1. obligation, promise, engagement

Descendants

• Turkish: taahhüt

References

• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “تعهد”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1], Constantinople: Mihran, page 383
• Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), “taahhüd”, in The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic تَعَهُّد (taʕahhud).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ta.ʔah.ˈhuð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.ʔäɦ.hʊ́d̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.ʔäɦ.hʊ́d̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɑːɑːʊ́d̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɔːɔːúd̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰæ.ʔæɦ.hód̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰä.ʔäɦ.húd̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	ta'ahhuḏ
Dari reading?	ta'ahhud
Iranian reading?	ta'ahhod
Tajik reading?	taʾahhud

Noun

تعهد • (ta'ahhod) (plural تعهدات (ta'ahhodât))

1. commitment, obligation

   تعهدات بین المللی ― ta'ahhodât-e beyn-ol-melali ― international commitments

2. (obsolete) looking after, attending to
   • c. 1075, Abu'l-Fażl Muḥammad ibn Ḥusayn Bayhaqī, تاریخ بیهقی [Tārīkh-i Bayhaqī]:

     و روز آدینه نیمه ذی الحجّه این سال نامه رسید که سلیمانی رسول بشبورقان‌ رسید و از ری تا آنجا ولات و عمال و گماشتگان سلطان سخت نیکو تعهّد کردند و رسم استقبال را بجا آوردند.

     u rōz-i ādēna nīma-yi ḏī-l-hijja-yi īn sāl nāma rasīd ki sulaymanī rasūl ba šabūrqān rasīd u az rayy tā ānjā wulāt u ummāl u gumāštagān-i sultān saxt nēkū ta'ahhud kardand u rasm-i istiqbāl rā ba jā āwardand.

     And on Friday, the fifteenth of the month of Dhū al-Ḥijja of this year, a letter came saying that Sulaymanī had come as an envoy towards Shabūrqān, and from Rayy up to there, the sultan's governors, agents, and deputies attended to him very well and carried out the welcome ceremonies.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Further reading

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “تعهد”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “تعهد”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim