جوف

See also: خوف and خ و ف

Arabic

Etymology

From the root ج و ف (j-w-f). The sense “inner” suggests a relation with Egyptian jwf (“flesh”) since the flesh is in the “inner” part of the body. Compare Hebrew גוף (guf, “body”).

Noun

جَوْف • (jawf) m (plural أَجْوَاف (ʔajwāf))

1. hollow, cavity, depression
2. interior, inner
   • 1025, ابن سينا [Avicenna], القانون في الطب [Canon Medicinae]:

     فاغرة (var.‎ فاكرة).‏
     الماهية‏:‏ حب يشبه الحمص له حب كالمحلب وفي جوفه حب أسود كالشهدانج يحمل من السفالة‏.‏
     الطبع‏:‏ حارة يابسة في الثالثة‏.‏
     الخواص‏:‏ فيها تحليل وقبض‏.‏
     أعضاء الغذاء‏:‏ يدخل في الأدوية المصلحة للمعدة والكبد الباردتين وينفع من سوء الاستمراء البارد‏.‏
     أعضاء النفض‏:‏ ينفع من الإسهال البارد ويعقل البطن‏.‏

     Sichuan pepper:
     Its essence: The fruit resembles chickpeas, it has fruits like mahaleb cherry, and in its inner there is a black fruit like hempseed, born from below.
     Its nature: Hot and dry in the third degree.
     Its peculiarities: In it there is discharging and constipation.
     Alimentary organs: It is put into drugs by reason of availing the stomach and the liver when they are cold and it is useful against calamities of cold appetite.
     Excretory organs: It helps against cold diarrhoea and constricts the belly.

3. belly, abdomen
   • a. 625, الأعشى [al-ʾaʿšā], edited by Geyer, Rudolf, Zwei Gedichte von Al-ʾAʿšâ (Sitzungsberichte der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Philosophisch-historische Klasse; 149/6)‎^[1], volume Mâ Bukâʾu, Wien: In Kommission bei Carl Gerold’s Sohn, published 1905, page 100:
4. (Northwest Africa, al-Andalus) north

   Synonym: شَمَال (šamāl)

5. verbal noun of جَافَ (jāfa, “to be hollow; to reach the interior of”) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun جَوْف (jawf)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَوْف jawf	الْجَوْف al-jawf	جَوْف jawf
Nominative	جَوْفٌ jawfun	الْجَوْفُ al-jawfu	جَوْفُ jawfu
Accusative	جَوْفًا jawfan	الْجَوْفَ al-jawfa	جَوْفَ jawfa
Genitive	جَوْفٍ jawfin	الْجَوْفِ al-jawfi	جَوْفِ jawfi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَوْفَيْن jawfayn	الْجَوْفَيْن al-jawfayn	جَوْفَيْ jawfay
Nominative	جَوْفَانِ jawfāni	الْجَوْفَانِ al-jawfāni	جَوْفَا jawfā
Accusative	جَوْفَيْنِ jawfayni	الْجَوْفَيْنِ al-jawfayni	جَوْفَيْ jawfay
Genitive	جَوْفَيْنِ jawfayni	الْجَوْفَيْنِ al-jawfayni	جَوْفَيْ jawfay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَجْوَاف ʔajwāf	الْأَجْوَاف al-ʔajwāf	أَجْوَاف ʔajwāf
Nominative	أَجْوَافٌ ʔajwāfun	الْأَجْوَافُ al-ʔajwāfu	أَجْوَافُ ʔajwāfu
Accusative	أَجْوَافًا ʔajwāfan	الْأَجْوَافَ al-ʔajwāfa	أَجْوَافَ ʔajwāfa
Genitive	أَجْوَافٍ ʔajwāfin	الْأَجْوَافِ al-ʔajwāfi	أَجْوَافِ ʔajwāfi

Derived terms

• جَوْفِيّ (jawfiyy, “inner; northern”)
• جَوْفَانِيّ (jawfāniyy, “gourmand, glutton”)

Verb

جَوَّفَ • (jawwafa) II, non-past يُجَوِّفُ‎ (yujawwifu)

1. to hollow out

Conjugation

Conjugation of

جَوَّفَ

(form-II sound)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَجْوِيف tajwīf
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُجَوِّف mujawwif
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُجَوَّف mujawwaf
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	جَوَّفْتُ jawwaftu	جَوَّفْتَ jawwafta	جَوَّفَ jawwafa		جَوَّفْتُمَا jawwaftumā	جَوَّفَا jawwafā		جَوَّفْنَا jawwafnā	جَوَّفْتُمْ jawwaftum	جَوَّفُوا jawwafū
	f		جَوَّفْتِ jawwafti	جَوَّفَتْ jawwafat			جَوَّفَتَا jawwafatā			جَوَّفْتُنَّ jawwaftunna	جَوَّفْنَ jawwafna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُجَوِّفُ ʔujawwifu	تُجَوِّفُ tujawwifu	يُجَوِّفُ yujawwifu		تُجَوِّفَانِ tujawwifāni	يُجَوِّفَانِ yujawwifāni		نُجَوِّفُ nujawwifu	تُجَوِّفُونَ tujawwifūna	يُجَوِّفُونَ yujawwifūna
	f		تُجَوِّفِينَ tujawwifīna	تُجَوِّفُ tujawwifu			تُجَوِّفَانِ tujawwifāni			تُجَوِّفْنَ tujawwifna	يُجَوِّفْنَ yujawwifna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُجَوِّفَ ʔujawwifa	تُجَوِّفَ tujawwifa	يُجَوِّفَ yujawwifa		تُجَوِّفَا tujawwifā	يُجَوِّفَا yujawwifā		نُجَوِّفَ nujawwifa	تُجَوِّفُوا tujawwifū	يُجَوِّفُوا yujawwifū
	f		تُجَوِّفِي tujawwifī	تُجَوِّفَ tujawwifa			تُجَوِّفَا tujawwifā			تُجَوِّفْنَ tujawwifna	يُجَوِّفْنَ yujawwifna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُجَوِّفْ ʔujawwif	تُجَوِّفْ tujawwif	يُجَوِّفْ yujawwif		تُجَوِّفَا tujawwifā	يُجَوِّفَا yujawwifā		نُجَوِّفْ nujawwif	تُجَوِّفُوا tujawwifū	يُجَوِّفُوا yujawwifū
	f		تُجَوِّفِي tujawwifī	تُجَوِّفْ tujawwif			تُجَوِّفَا tujawwifā			تُجَوِّفْنَ tujawwifna	يُجَوِّفْنَ yujawwifna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		جَوِّفْ jawwif			جَوِّفَا jawwifā				جَوِّفُوا jawwifū
	f		جَوِّفِي jawwifī							جَوِّفْنَ jawwifna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	جُوِّفْتُ juwwiftu	جُوِّفْتَ juwwifta	جُوِّفَ juwwifa		جُوِّفْتُمَا juwwiftumā	جُوِّفَا juwwifā		جُوِّفْنَا juwwifnā	جُوِّفْتُمْ juwwiftum	جُوِّفُوا juwwifū
	f		جُوِّفْتِ juwwifti	جُوِّفَتْ juwwifat			جُوِّفَتَا juwwifatā			جُوِّفْتُنَّ juwwiftunna	جُوِّفْنَ juwwifna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُجَوَّفُ ʔujawwafu	تُجَوَّفُ tujawwafu	يُجَوَّفُ yujawwafu		تُجَوَّفَانِ tujawwafāni	يُجَوَّفَانِ yujawwafāni		نُجَوَّفُ nujawwafu	تُجَوَّفُونَ tujawwafūna	يُجَوَّفُونَ yujawwafūna
	f		تُجَوَّفِينَ tujawwafīna	تُجَوَّفُ tujawwafu			تُجَوَّفَانِ tujawwafāni			تُجَوَّفْنَ tujawwafna	يُجَوَّفْنَ yujawwafna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُجَوَّفَ ʔujawwafa	تُجَوَّفَ tujawwafa	يُجَوَّفَ yujawwafa		تُجَوَّفَا tujawwafā	يُجَوَّفَا yujawwafā		نُجَوَّفَ nujawwafa	تُجَوَّفُوا tujawwafū	يُجَوَّفُوا yujawwafū
	f		تُجَوَّفِي tujawwafī	تُجَوَّفَ tujawwafa			تُجَوَّفَا tujawwafā			تُجَوَّفْنَ tujawwafna	يُجَوَّفْنَ yujawwafna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُجَوَّفْ ʔujawwaf	تُجَوَّفْ tujawwaf	يُجَوَّفْ yujawwaf		تُجَوَّفَا tujawwafā	يُجَوَّفَا yujawwafā		نُجَوَّفْ nujawwaf	تُجَوَّفُوا tujawwafū	يُجَوَّفُوا yujawwafū
	f		تُجَوَّفِي tujawwafī	تُجَوَّفْ tujawwaf			تُجَوَّفَا tujawwafā			تُجَوَّفْنَ tujawwafna	يُجَوَّفْنَ yujawwafna

Verb

جَوِفَ • (jawifa) I, non-past يَجْوَفُ‎ (yajwafu)

1. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) to be hollow, to be concave

Conjugation

Conjugation of

جَوِفَ

(form-I sound, verbal noun جَوَف)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						جَوَف jawaf
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						جَاوِف jāwif
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	جَوِفْتُ jawiftu	جَوِفْتَ jawifta	جَوِفَ jawifa		جَوِفْتُمَا jawiftumā	جَوِفَا jawifā		جَوِفْنَا jawifnā	جَوِفْتُمْ jawiftum	جَوِفُوا jawifū
	f		جَوِفْتِ jawifti	جَوِفَتْ jawifat			جَوِفَتَا jawifatā			جَوِفْتُنَّ jawiftunna	جَوِفْنَ jawifna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَجْوَفُ ʔajwafu	تَجْوَفُ tajwafu	يَجْوَفُ yajwafu		تَجْوَفَانِ tajwafāni	يَجْوَفَانِ yajwafāni		نَجْوَفُ najwafu	تَجْوَفُونَ tajwafūna	يَجْوَفُونَ yajwafūna
	f		تَجْوَفِينَ tajwafīna	تَجْوَفُ tajwafu			تَجْوَفَانِ tajwafāni			تَجْوَفْنَ tajwafna	يَجْوَفْنَ yajwafna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَجْوَفَ ʔajwafa	تَجْوَفَ tajwafa	يَجْوَفَ yajwafa		تَجْوَفَا tajwafā	يَجْوَفَا yajwafā		نَجْوَفَ najwafa	تَجْوَفُوا tajwafū	يَجْوَفُوا yajwafū
	f		تَجْوَفِي tajwafī	تَجْوَفَ tajwafa			تَجْوَفَا tajwafā			تَجْوَفْنَ tajwafna	يَجْوَفْنَ yajwafna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَجْوَفْ ʔajwaf	تَجْوَفْ tajwaf	يَجْوَفْ yajwaf		تَجْوَفَا tajwafā	يَجْوَفَا yajwafā		نَجْوَفْ najwaf	تَجْوَفُوا tajwafū	يَجْوَفُوا yajwafū
	f		تَجْوَفِي tajwafī	تَجْوَفْ tajwaf			تَجْوَفَا tajwafā			تَجْوَفْنَ tajwafna	يَجْوَفْنَ yajwafna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِجْوَفْ ijwaf			اِجْوَفَا ijwafā				اِجْوَفُوا ijwafū
	f		اِجْوَفِي ijwafī							اِجْوَفْنَ ijwafna

Noun

جَوَف • (jawaf) m

1. verbal noun of جَوِفَ (jawifa) (form I)
   1. hollowness
   2. amplitude

Declension

Declension of noun جَوَف (jawaf)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	جَوَف jawaf	الْجَوَف al-jawaf	جَوَف jawaf
Nominative	جَوَفٌ jawafun	الْجَوَفُ al-jawafu	جَوَفُ jawafu
Accusative	جَوَفًا jawafan	الْجَوَفَ al-jawafa	جَوَفَ jawafa
Genitive	جَوَفٍ jawafin	الْجَوَفِ al-jawafi	جَوَفِ jawafi

Adjective

جُوف • (jūf) m pl

1. masculine plural of أَجْوَف (ʔajwaf)