ميدان

See also: میدان

Arabic

Etymology

An Iranian borrowing; ultimately from Proto-Iranian *mádyanah (“middle”, noun), from *mádyah (“middle”, adjective) +‎ *-nah (nominal suffix). Compare Middle Persian mdyʾn' (*mayān, “middle; among, between”), whence Persian میان (miyân)), Parthian mdyʾn (*maẟyān, “among, amid, between”), Sogdian [script needed] (myẟʾn /⁠*mēẟan⁠/, “middle”), Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬜𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬥𐬀 (maⁱδiiāna, “middle”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /maj.daːn/

Noun

مَيْدَان • (maydān) m (plural مَيَادِين (mayādīn))

1. square (open space in a city)
2. battlefield
3. field, sphere (e.g. of study)

   Synonym: مَجال (majāl)

Declension

Declension of noun مَيْدَان (maydān)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَيْدَان maydān	الْمَيْدَان al-maydān	مَيْدَان maydān
Nominative	مَيْدَانٌ maydānun	الْمَيْدَانُ al-maydānu	مَيْدَانُ maydānu
Accusative	مَيْدَانًا maydānan	الْمَيْدَانَ al-maydāna	مَيْدَانَ maydāna
Genitive	مَيْدَانٍ maydānin	الْمَيْدَانِ al-maydāni	مَيْدَانِ maydāni
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَيْدَانَيْن maydānayn	الْمَيْدَانَيْن al-maydānayn	مَيْدَانَيْ maydānay
Nominative	مَيْدَانَانِ maydānāni	الْمَيْدَانَانِ al-maydānāni	مَيْدَانَا maydānā
Accusative	مَيْدَانَيْنِ maydānayni	الْمَيْدَانَيْنِ al-maydānayni	مَيْدَانَيْ maydānay
Genitive	مَيْدَانَيْنِ maydānayni	الْمَيْدَانَيْنِ al-maydānayni	مَيْدَانَيْ maydānay
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مَيَادِين mayādīn	الْمَيَادِين al-mayādīn	مَيَادِين mayādīn
Nominative	مَيَادِينُ mayādīnu	الْمَيَادِينُ al-mayādīnu	مَيَادِينُ mayādīnu
Accusative	مَيَادِينَ mayādīna	الْمَيَادِينَ al-mayādīna	مَيَادِينَ mayādīna
Genitive	مَيَادِينَ mayādīna	الْمَيَادِينِ al-mayādīni	مَيَادِينِ mayādīni

Descendants

• → Aramaic:
  • Classical Syriac: ܡܝܕܐܢ (maydāʾn)
• → Azerbaijani: meydan (or via Persian)
• → Bashkir: майҙан (mayźan) (or via Persian)
• → Georgian: მოედანი (moedani)
• → Gurani: مەیڎان (mayḏan)
• → Kipchak:

  Armeno-Kipchak: մօյտան (mōytan)

  Cuman: maydan

  Mamluk-Kipchak: [Arabic needed] (meydân)

• → Indonesian: medan
• Kurdish:

  → Northern Kurdish: meydan

  → Central Kurdish: مەیدان (meydan), مەیان (meyan)

• → Luri:

  Northern Luri: مؽدۏ (mêdö)

• → French: maidan, maïdan
• → Middle Armenian: մայտան (maytan), մէյդան (mēydan), մոյտան (moytan), մօյտան (mōytan), մէտան (mētan) (some forms via Persian, Ottoman Turkish or another Turkic language)
  • Armenian: մեյդան (meydan), մեյտան (meytan) (in some dialects from Ottoman Turkish)
• → Persian: میدان (meydân), میادین (mayâdin) (see there for further descendants)
• → Russian: майда́н (majdán), маида́н (maidán), мойда́н (mojdán) (via a Kipchak Turkic language)
  • → Buryat: майдаан (majdaan)
• → Ukrainian: майда́н (majdán) (via a Kipchak Turkic language)
  • → Belarusian: майда́н (majdán)
  • → Polish: majdan
• → Spanish: almidana

References

• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “meydan”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Lokotsch, Karl (1927) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der europäischen Wörter orientalischen Ursprungs (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, page 108b
• Поленаковиќ, Харалампие (2007) “1110. Migdáne”, in Зузана Тополињска, Петар Атанасов, editors, Турските елементи во ароманскиот [Turskite elementi vo aromanskiot]‎^[1], put into Macedonian from the author’s Serbo-Croatian Turski elementi u aromunskom dijalektu (1939, unpublished) by Веселинка Лаброска, Скопје: Македонска академија на науките и уметностите [Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite], →ISBN, page 156

South Levantine Arabic

ميدان التحرير في القاهرة ― Tahrir Square in Cairo

Etymology 1

From Arabic مَيْدَان (maydān).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /miː.daːn/, [miˈdæːn], [miˈdaːn]

• Audio (Amman)

  (file)

Noun

ميدان • (mīdān) m (plural ميادين (mayādīn))

1. square, plaza

Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Arabic مَيْدَان (maydān).

Noun

ميدان • (maydān) m (plural ميادين (mayādīn))

1. (formal) square, plaza
2. field, sphere, arena (abstract sense)