इन्द्र

See also: इन्दुर and इन्दिरा

Hindi

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɪn.d̪ɾᵊ/, [ɪ̃n̪.d̪ɾᵊ]

Proper noun

इन्द्र • (indra) m (Urdu spelling اندر)

1. Alternative spelling of इंद्र (indra): Indra (Hindu god of thunder)

Declension

Declension of इन्द्र (sg-only masc cons-stem)

	singular
direct	इन्द्र indra
oblique	इन्द्र indra
vocative	इन्द्र indra

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ইন্দ্ৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬇᬦ᭄ᬤ᭄ᬭ (Balinese script)
• ইন্দ্র (Bengali script)
• 𑰂𑰡𑰿𑰟𑰿𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀇𑀦𑁆𑀤𑁆𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• ဣန္ဒြ (Burmese script)
• ઇન્દ્ર (Gujarati script)
• ਇਨ੍ਦ੍ਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌇𑌨𑍍𑌦𑍍𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦆꦤ꧀ꦢꦿ (Javanese script)
• 𑂅𑂢𑂹𑂠𑂹𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಇನ್ದ್ರ (Kannada script)
• ឥន្ទ្រ (Khmer script)
• ອິນ຺ທ຺ຣ (Lao script)
• ഇന്ദ്ര (Malayalam script)
• ᡳᠨᡩᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘂𑘡𑘿𑘟𑘿𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᠢᠨᢑᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦢𑧁𑧠𑦿𑧠𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐂𑐣𑑂𑐡𑑂𑐬 (Newa script)
• ଇନ୍ଦ୍ର (Odia script)
• ꢄꢥ꣄ꢣ꣄ꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆅𑆤𑇀𑆢𑇀𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖂𑖡𑖿𑖟𑖿𑖨 (Siddham script)
• ඉන්‍ද්‍ර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩑𑩯 𑪙𑩭 𑪙𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚂𑚝𑚶𑚛𑚶𑚤 (Takri script)
• இந்த்³ர (Tamil script)
• ఇన్ద్ర (Telugu script)
• อินฺทฺร (Thai script)
• ཨི་ནྡྲ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒃𑒢𑓂𑒠𑓂𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨁𑨝𑩇𑨛𑩇𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *índras. Cognate with Avestan 𐬌𐬧𐬛𐬭𐬀 (iṇdra, “name of a daeva”), Kamkata-viri ī˜drʻ (“name of a god”), and Prasuni indr.

The further etymology is uncertain, with two theories about its origin:

• One possibility is conception as a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₃eyd- (“to swell”) with nasal infix, thus *(H)i-n-d-rá-s (“strong”) individualized into "the strong one" and underwent a secondary accent shift. In this case इन्द्र (indra) could be cognate with Serbo-Croatian jedar (“strong”).

• Alternatively from the BMAC substrate. Maybe related to Proto-Circassian *yənə-ø-ra ‘huge-be-ger’, cf. Abkhaz a-ynar, the Nart god of the forge.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ín.dɾɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈin̪.d̪ɾɐ/

Proper noun

इन्द्र • (índra) stem, m

1. Indra
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.12.3:

     यो ह॒त्वाहि॒मरि॑णात्स॒प्त सिन्धू॒न्यो गा उ॒दाज॑दप॒धा व॒लस्य॑ ।
     यो अश्म॑नोर॒न्तर॒ग्निं ज॒जान॑ सं॒वृक्स॒मत्सु॒ स ज॑नास॒ इन्द्रः॑ ॥

     yó hatvā́himáriṇātsaptá síndhūnyó gā́ udā́jadapadhā́ valásya.
     yó áśmanorantáragníṃ jajā́na saṃvṛ́ksamátsu sá janāsa índraḥ.

     He who slew the Dragon, freed the Seven Rivers [from captivity], and drove the cows [from captivity] forth from the cave of Vala,
     He who begat fire between two stones, he who overpowers warriors in battle, He, O folks, is Indra.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of इन्द्र (índra)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	इन्द्रः índraḥ	इन्द्रौ / इन्द्रा¹ índrau / índrā¹	इन्द्राः / इन्द्रासः¹ índrāḥ / índrāsaḥ¹
Vocative	इन्द्र índra	इन्द्रौ / इन्द्रा¹ índrau / índrā¹	इन्द्राः / इन्द्रासः¹ índrāḥ / índrāsaḥ¹
Accusative	इन्द्रम् índram	इन्द्रौ / इन्द्रा¹ índrau / índrā¹	इन्द्रान् índrān
Instrumental	इन्द्रेण índreṇa	इन्द्राभ्याम् índrābhyām	इन्द्रैः / इन्द्रेभिः¹ índraiḥ / índrebhiḥ¹
Dative	इन्द्राय índrāya	इन्द्राभ्याम् índrābhyām	इन्द्रेभ्यः índrebhyaḥ
Ablative	इन्द्रात् índrāt	इन्द्राभ्याम् índrābhyām	इन्द्रेभ्यः índrebhyaḥ
Genitive	इन्द्रस्य índrasya	इन्द्रयोः índrayoḥ	इन्द्राणाम् índrāṇām
Locative	इन्द्रे índre	इन्द्रयोः índrayoḥ	इन्द्रेषु índreṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

इन्द्र • (índra) stem, m

1. the supreme being
2. a prince
3. best, excellent, the first, the chief (of any class of objects)
4. the twenty-sixth Yoga or division of a circle on the plane of the ecliptic
5. the Yoga star in the twenty-sixth nakshatra, γ Pegasi

Derived terms

• इन्द्रिय (indriya)

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Kalasha:
    • Arabic script: اِن
    • Latin script: in
• Prakrit: 𑀇𑀁𑀤 (iṃda)
• Pali: 𑀇𑀦𑁆𑀤 (inda)
• Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਇੰਦਰ (indar), ਇੰਦ (inda)

  Shahmukhi script: اِندَر (īndar), اِند (īnd)

• → Hurrian: 𒅔𒋫𒊏
• → Old Javanese: indra
  • Javanese: ꦆꦤ꧀ꦢꦿ (Indra)
    • → Indonesian: Indra (semantic loan)
  • → Balinese: ᬇᬦ᭄ᬤ᭄ᬭ (Indra, indra)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899) “इन्द्र”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 166.