गोपाल

Hindi

Alternative forms

• गुपाल (gupāl)

Etymology

From Sanskrit गोपाल (gopāla). Doublet of ग्वाला (gvālā).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɡoː.pɑːl/, [ɡoː.päːl]

Noun

गोपाल • (gopāl) m

1. a cowherd
2. protector of the earth: a king
3. a title of Krishna

Proper noun

गोपाल • (gopāl) m

1. a male given name, Gopal, from Sanskrit

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• গোপাল (Assamese script)
• ᬕᭀᬧᬵᬮ (Balinese script)
• গোপাল (Bengali script)
• 𑰐𑰺𑰢𑰯𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀕𑁄𑀧𑀸𑀮 (Brahmi script)
• ဂေါပါလ (Burmese script)
• ગોપાલ (Gujarati script)
• ਗੋਪਾਲ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌗𑍋𑌪𑌾𑌲 (Grantha script)
• ꦒꦺꦴꦥꦴꦭ (Javanese script)
• 𑂏𑂷𑂣𑂰𑂪 (Kaithi script)
• ಗೋಪಾಲ (Kannada script)
• គោបាល (Khmer script)
• ໂຄປາລ (Lao script)
• ഗോപാല (Malayalam script)
• ᡤᠣᢒᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘐𑘻𑘢𑘰𑘩 (Modi script)
• ᠺᠣᠸᠠᢒᠠᢗᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦰𑧜𑧂𑧑𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐐𑑀𑐥𑐵𑐮 (Newa script)
• ଗୋପାଲ (Odia script)
• ꢔꣂꢦꢵꢭ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆓𑆾𑆥𑆳𑆬 (Sharada script)
• 𑖐𑖺𑖢𑖯𑖩 (Siddham script)
• ගොපාල (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩞𑩕𑩰𑩛𑩽 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚌𑚴𑚞𑚭𑚥 (Takri script)
• கே³ாபால (Tamil script)
• గోపాల (Telugu script)
• โคปาล (Thai script)
• གོ་པཱ་ལ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒑𑒼𑒣𑒰𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨍𑨆𑨞𑨊𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

गो (gó, “cow, cattle, kine”) +‎ पाल (pāla, “protector, guard”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐw.pɑː.lɐ́/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ɡoːˈpɑː.l̪ɐ/

Noun

गोपाल • (gopālá) stem, m

1. a cowherd
   • c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Śukla-Yajurveda (Vājasenayi Saṃhitā)
   • c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa 4.1.5:

     शर्यातो ह वा ईक्षां चक्रे । यत्किमकरं तस्मादिदमापदीति स गोपालांश्चाविपालांश्च संह्वयितवा उवाच । स होवाच । को वोऽद्येह किंचिदद्राक्षीदिति ते होचुः पुरुष एवायं जीर्णिः कृत्यारूपः शेते तमनर्थ्यं मन्यमानाः कुमारा लोष्टैर्व्यपिक्षन्निति स विदांचकार स वै च्यवन इति ।

     śaryāto ha vā īkṣāṃ cakre . yatkimakaraṃ tasmādidamāpadīti sa gopālāṃścāvipālāṃśca saṃhvayitavā uvāca . sa hovāca . ko voʼdyeha kiṃcidadrākṣīditi te hocuḥ puruṣa evāyaṃ jīrṇiḥ kṛtyārūpaḥ śete tamanarthyaṃ manyamānāḥ kumārā loṣṭairvyapikṣanniti sa vidāṃcakāra sa vai cyavana iti .

     Śaryāta then bethought him, "This has come to pass for something or other I have done!" He called the cowherds and shepherds together, and said: "Which of you has seen anything here to-day?" They said, "Yonder lies a man, decrepit and ghostlike: him the boys have pelted with clods, setting him at nought." Then Śaryāta knew that this was Cyavana.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of गोपाल (gopālá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गोपालः gopāláḥ	गोपालौ / गोपाला¹ gopālaú / gopālā́¹	गोपालाः / गोपालासः¹ gopālā́ḥ / gopālā́saḥ¹
Vocative	गोपाल gópāla	गोपालौ / गोपाला¹ gópālau / gópālā¹	गोपालाः / गोपालासः¹ gópālāḥ / gópālāsaḥ¹
Accusative	गोपालम् gopālám	गोपालौ / गोपाला¹ gopālaú / gopālā́¹	गोपालान् gopālā́n
Instrumental	गोपालेन gopāléna	गोपालाभ्याम् gopālā́bhyām	गोपालैः / गोपालेभिः¹ gopālaíḥ / gopālébhiḥ¹
Dative	गोपालाय gopālā́ya	गोपालाभ्याम् gopālā́bhyām	गोपालेभ्यः gopālébhyaḥ
Ablative	गोपालात् gopālā́t	गोपालाभ्याम् gopālā́bhyām	गोपालेभ्यः gopālébhyaḥ
Genitive	गोपालस्य gopālásya	गोपालयोः gopāláyoḥ	गोपालानाम् gopālā́nām
Locative	गोपाले gopālé	गोपालयोः gopāláyoḥ	गोपालेषु gopāléṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: gopāla
• Niya Prakrit: 𐨒𐨆𐨬𐨫 (govala)
• Prakrit: 𑀕𑁄𑀯𑀸𑀮 (govāla), 𑀕𑁄𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀅 (govālaa)
  • Assamese: গোৱাল (güal), গুৱাল (gual)
  • Bengali: গোয়ালা (gōẇala)
  • Gujarati: ગોવાળ (govāḷ)
  • Hindi: ग्वाला (gvālā)
  • Maithili: गोआर (gōār)
  • Marathi: गोवळा (govḷā)
  • → Kannada: ಗೊಲ್ಲ (golla)
• → Kannada: ಗೋಪಾಲ (gōpāla)
• → Tamil: கோபாலன் (kōpālaṉ)
• → Telugu: గోపాలుడు (gōpāluḍu)
• → Thai: โคบาล

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “गोपाल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0365/2.