पत्नी
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
See also: पतन
Hindi[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Sanskrit पत्नी (patnī).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
पत्नी • (patnī) f (masculine पति, Urdu spelling پتنی)
Declension[edit]
Declension of पत्नी (fem ī-stem)
Synonyms[edit]
- बीवी (bīvī)
Marathi[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Sanskrit पत्नी (patnī).
Noun[edit]
पत्नी • (patnī) f
Synonyms[edit]
- (wife): बायको (bāyko)
Sanskrit[edit]
Alternative scripts[edit]
Alternative scripts
- পত্নী (Assamese script)
- ᬧᬢ᭄ᬦᬷ (Balinese script)
- পত্নী (Bengali script)
- 𑰢𑰝𑰿𑰡𑰱 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀧𑀢𑁆𑀦𑀻 (Brahmi script)
- ပတ္နီ (Burmese script)
- પત્ની (Gujarati script)
- ਪਤ੍ਨੀ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌪𑌤𑍍𑌨𑍀 (Grantha script)
- ꦥꦠ꧀ꦤꦷ (Javanese script)
- 𑂣𑂞𑂹𑂢𑂲 (Kaithi script)
- ಪತ್ನೀ (Kannada script)
- បត្នី (Khmer script)
- ປຕ຺ນີ (Lao script)
- പത്നീ (Malayalam script)
- ᢒᠠᢠᠨᡳᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘢𑘝𑘿𑘡𑘲 (Modi script)
- ᢒᠠᢐᠨᠢᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧂𑦽𑧠𑧁𑧓 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐥𑐟𑑂𑐣𑐷 (Newa script)
- ପତ୍ନୀ (Odia script)
- ꢦꢡ꣄ꢥꢷ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆥𑆠𑇀𑆤𑆵 (Sharada script)
- 𑖢𑖝𑖿𑖡𑖱 (Siddham script)
- පත්නී (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩰𑩫 𑪙𑩯𑩑𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚞𑚙𑚶𑚝𑚯 (Takri script)
- பத்நீ (Tamil script)
- పత్నీ (Telugu script)
- ปตฺนี (Thai script)
- པ་ཏྣཱི (Tibetan script)
- 𑒣𑒞𑓂𑒢𑒲 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨞𑨙𑩇𑨝𑨁𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pátniH (“wife, mistress”), from Proto-Indo-European *pótnih₂ (“wife”), feminine of *pótis (“husband, lord, master”). Cognate with Avestan *𐬞𐬀𐬚𐬥𐬍 (*paθnī, attested in compounds), Ancient Greek πότνια (pótnia, “lady, mistress”), a title that was given to several goddesses.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
पत्नी • (pátnī) stem, f (masculine पति)
- wife
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.46.7:
- देवानां पत्नीर्उशतीरवन्तु नः प्रावन्तु नस्तुजये वाजसातये ।
याः पार्थिवासो या अपामपि व्रते ता नो देवीः सुहवाः शर्म यच्छत ॥- devānāṃ patnīruśatīravantu naḥ prāvantu nastujaye vājasātaye.
yāḥ pārthivāso yā apāmapi vrate tā no devīḥ suhavāḥ śarma yacchata. - May the Gods’ Wives aid us of their own freewill, aid us to offspring and the winning of the spoil.
Grant us protection, O ye gracious Goddesses, ye who are on the earth or in the waters' realm.
- devānāṃ patnīruśatīravantu naḥ prāvantu nastujaye vājasātaye.
- देवानां पत्नीर्उशतीरवन्तु नः प्रावन्तु नस्तुजये वाजसातये ।
- female possessor, mistress, Lady
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 3.61.4:
- अव स्यूमेव चिन्वती मघोन्युषा याति स्वसरस्य पत्नी ।
स्वर्जनन्ती सुभगा सुदंसा आन्ताद्दिवः पप्रथ आ पृथिव्याः ॥- ava syūmeva cinvatī maghonyuṣā yāti svasarasya patnī.
svarjanantī subhagā sudaṃsā āntāddivaḥ papratha ā pṛthivyāḥ. - Letting her reins drop downward, Morning cometh, the wealthy Dame, the Lady of the dwelling;
Bringing forth light, the Wonderful, the Blessed hath spread her from the bounds of earth and heaven.
- ava syūmeva cinvatī maghonyuṣā yāti svasarasya patnī.
- अव स्यूमेव चिन्वती मघोन्युषा याति स्वसरस्य पत्नी ।
Declension[edit]
Feminine ī-stem declension of पत्नी (pátnī) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | पत्नी pátnī |
पत्न्यौ / पत्नी¹ pátnyau / pátnī¹ |
पत्न्यः / पत्नीः¹ pátnyaḥ / pátnīḥ¹ |
Vocative | पत्नि pátni |
पत्न्यौ / पत्नी¹ pátnyau / pátnī¹ |
पत्न्यः / पत्नीः¹ pátnyaḥ / pátnīḥ¹ |
Accusative | पत्नीम् pátnīm |
पत्न्यौ / पत्नी¹ pátnyau / pátnī¹ |
पत्नीः pátnīḥ |
Instrumental | पत्न्या pátnyā |
पत्नीभ्याम् pátnībhyām |
पत्नीभिः pátnībhiḥ |
Dative | पत्न्यै pátnyai |
पत्नीभ्याम् pátnībhyām |
पत्नीभ्यः pátnībhyaḥ |
Ablative | पत्न्याः / पत्न्यै² pátnyāḥ / pátnyai² |
पत्नीभ्याम् pátnībhyām |
पत्नीभ्यः pátnībhyaḥ |
Genitive | पत्न्याः / पत्न्यै² pátnyāḥ / pátnyai² |
पत्न्योः pátnyoḥ |
पत्नीनाम् pátnīnām |
Locative | पत्न्याम् pátnyām |
पत्न्योः pátnyoḥ |
पत्नीषु pátnīṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants[edit]
- Prakrit: 𑀧𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀻 (pattī)
- → Assamese: পত্নী (potni) (learned)
- → Bengali: পত্নী (potni) (learned)
- → Gujarati: પત્ની (patnī) (learned)
- → Hindustani: patnī (learned)
- → Kannada: ಪತ್ನಿ (patni) (learned)
- → Malayalam: പത്നി (patni) (learned)
- → Marathi: पत्नी (patnī) (learned)
- → Nepali: पत्नी (patnī) (learned)
- → Odia: ପତ୍ନୀ (pôtni) (learned)
- → Punjabi: ਪਤਣੀ (patṇī) (learned)
- → Tamil: பத்தினி (pattiṉi) (learned)
- → Telugu: పత్ని (patni) (learned)
References[edit]
- Monier Williams (1899) “पत्नी”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 582/2.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 74-75
Categories:
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi terms with audio links
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi nouns with other-gender equivalents
- Hindi feminine nouns
- Hindi feminine ī-stem nouns
- hi:Family
- Marathi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Marathi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Marathi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Marathi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Marathi lemmas
- Marathi nouns
- Marathi nouns in Devanagari script
- Marathi feminine nouns
- mr:Family
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit feminine nouns
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- Sanskrit ī-stem nouns
- sa:Female family members
- sa:Female people