यकृत्

See also: याक़ूत

Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyákr̥ (“liver”), from Proto-Indo-European *Hyékʷr̥ (“liver”).

Cognate with Avestan 𐬫𐬁𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬆 (yākar^ə), Persian جگر (jegar), Latin iecur, Ancient Greek ἧπαρ (hêpar), Old Armenian լեարդ (leard).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /jɐ́.kr̩t/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈjɐ.kr̩t̪/

Noun

यकृत् • (yákṛt) stem, n

1. the liver
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.163.3:

     यक्ष्मं मतस्नाभ्यां यक्नः प्लाशिभ्यो वि वृहामि ते ॥

     yakṣmaṃ matasnābhyāṃ yaknaḥ plāśibhyo vi vṛhāmi te.

     From kidneys, liver, and from the spleen, I drive thy malady away.

Declension

Declension of यकृत्
Nom. sg.	यकृत् (yakṛt)
Gen. sg.	यक्नः (yaknaḥ)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	यकृत् (yakṛt)	—	—
Vocative	—	—	—
Accusative	यकृत् (yakṛt)	—	—
Instrumental	यक्ना (yaknā)	—	—
Dative	—	—	—
Ablative	यक्नः/यकृतः (yaknaḥ/yakṛtaḥ)	—	—
Genitive	यक्नः (yaknaḥ)	—	—
Locative	यकृति (yakṛti)	—	—

Descendants

• Dardic: (< यकन् (yákan))
  • Kalami: [script needed] (yān)
  • Kalasha: žạ́ŋgu
  • Khowar: ۨشےغُن (ṣéġun)
  • Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (yū̃)
  • Shina: [script needed] (yum)
  • Torwali: [script needed] (ǰogō)
• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀚𑀕 (jaga)
  • Marathi: जरंडी (jaraṇḍī, “hepatitis”)
• Pali: yaka, yakana
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀚𑀕 (jaga)
  • Kumaoni: जिकुडो (jikuṛo)
  • Sindhi: जेरो (jero)
• → Kannada: ಯಕೃತ್ತು (yakṛttu)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “यकृत्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 838.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “yákr̥t”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press