გე-

Laz

Alternative forms

• ჯე- (ce-) — Atina, Vizha, Artasheni

Preverb

გე- • (ge-) (Latin spelling ge-) (Vitse–Arkabi, Khopa–Batumi, Chkhala)

1. down

   ‎გე- (ge-) + ‎ულუნ (ulun, “S/he goes”) → ‎გჲულუნ (gyulun, “S/he comes down”)

2. Top to bottom in a vertical direction

   ‎გე- (ge-) + ‎დგ- (dg-, “to put”) → ‎გედგიმს (gedgims, “S/he puts down”)

3. on something

   ‎გე- (ge-) + ‎დუმ- (dum-, “to put”) → ‎გედუმერს (gedumers, “S/he is putting something on top of something”)

4. radically, from the bottom

   ‎გე- (ge-) + ‎კვათუმს (ǩvatums, “S/he cuts”) → ‎გეკვათუმს (geǩvatums, “S/he cuts from the bottom”)

5. Function unknown

   ‎გე- (ge-) + ‎ჩამს (çams, “S/he feeds someone”) → ‎გეჩამს (geçams, “S/he hits someone”)

Usage notes

• It becomes გჲ- (gy-) before ა (a), ო (o) and უ (u).
• It becomes გ- (g-) before ი (i) in Batumi and Chkhala dialects and stays გე- (ge-) in Vitse-Arkabi and Khopa Dialects.
• It becomes გი- (gi-) before ვა (va), ვო (vo), მა (ma), გა (ga), მო (mo) and გო (go) but It stays გე- (ge-) before ვი (vi), ვუ (vu), მი (mi) and გი (gi) in Batumi Dialect.

Further reading

• Kojima, Gôichi (2012–) “ge-”, in Temel Lazca-Türkçe Sözlük Taslağı‎^[1] (in Turkish)
• Tandilava, Ali (2013) “გე-”, in Merab Čuxua, Natela Kutelia, Lile Tandilava, Lali Ezugbaia, editors, Lazuri leksiḳoni [Laz Dictionary]‎^[2], online version prepared by Levan Vašaḳiʒe, Tbilisi