羆

See also: 罴

羆 U+7F86, 羆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7F86 ← 羅 [U+7F85] CJK Unified Ideographs 羇 → [U+7F87]

Translingual

Han character

羆 (Kangxi radical 122, 网+14, 19 strokes, cangjie input 田中戈心火 (WLIPF), four-corner 6033₁, composition ⿱罒熊)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 950, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28398
• Dae Jaweon: page 1392, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2928, character 1
• Unihan data for U+7F86

Chinese

trad.		羆
simp.		罴
alternative forms		𦌲 𥀍 𥀧 𥀡 𥀦

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (罷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
擺	*preːlʔ
犤	*breːl, *pral, *bral
罷	*breːlʔ, *bral, *bralʔ
矲	*breːlʔ
羆	*pral
襬	*pral, *pʰrals
藣	*pral, *prals

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pral) : phonetic 罷 (OC *breːlʔ, *bral, *bralʔ) + semantic 熊 (“bear”); the common part 能 is shared.

Etymology

Observing that the young of some brown bear subspecies sport white stripes, which fade with age, around their chests, Zhang (2019) proposes that 羆 (OC *praj) is cognate to 斑 (OC *prân) "stripe, striped", both being from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pral. As 斑 (OC *prân) is possibly the same word as 班 (OC *prân) (Schuessler, 2007), see 班 (OC *prân) for more etymology.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pí (pi²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bei¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phî

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pí
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pí
    • Wade–Giles: pʻi²
    • Yale: pí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyi
    • Palladius: пи (pi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰi³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: bei¹
    • Yale: bēi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bei¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: béi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pei̯⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phî
    • Tâi-lô: phî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phii
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pʰi²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰi²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰi¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pʰi²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰi²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: pje

Rime
Character	羆
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	支 (13)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	彼爲切
Baxter	pje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pˠiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/pᵚiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/piɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pjiə̆/
Li Rong	/pje/
Wang Li	/pǐe/
Bernard Karlgren	/pie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bei1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*praj/

  (Zhengzhang): /*pral/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	羆
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	pí
Middle Chinese	‹ pje ›
Old Chinese	/*praj/
English	brown-and-white bear
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	羆
Reading #	1/1
No.	171
Phonetic component	罷
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	陂
Old Chinese	/*pral/

Definitions

羆

1. (archaic) brown bear

   • 吉夢維何、
     維熊維羆、
     維虺維蛇。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     吉梦维何、
     维熊维罴、
     维虺维蛇。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Jí mèng wéi hé,
     Wéi xióng wéi pí,
     Wéi huǐ wéi shé. [Pinyin]

     What dreams are lucky?
     They have been about black bears and brown bears,
     They have been about asps and adders.

Synonyms

• 馬熊／马熊 (mǎxióng)
• 人熊 (rénxióng)
• 棕熊 (zōngxióng)

Compounds

• 夢兆熊羆／梦兆熊罴
• 夢羆／梦罴
• 熊羆／熊罴
• 熊羆之士／熊罴之士
• 熊羆之祥／熊罴之祥
• 熊羆入夢／熊罴入梦
• 羆丸／罴丸
• 老羆當道／老罴当道
• 非熊非羆／非熊非罴
• 非羆／非罴

 

Japanese

Kanji

羆

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. brown bear

Readings

• Go-on: ひ (hi)
• Kan-on: ひ (hi)
• Kun: ひぐま (higuma, 羆)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
羆
ひぐま Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Alternative spellings
緋熊 樋熊

緋 (hi, “scarlet”) +‎ 熊 (kuma, “bear”)(Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ひぐま [hìgúmá] (Heiban – [0])
• (Tokyo) ひ​ぐま [híꜜgùmà] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [çiɡɯ̟ᵝma̠]

Noun

羆(ひぐま) or 羆(ヒグマ) • (higuma) 

1. a brown bear

   三毛別(さんけべつ)羆(ひぐま)事件(じけん)

   Sankebetsu higuma jiken

   Sankebetsu brown bear incident

Korean

Hanja

羆 • (bi) (hangeul 비, revised bi, McCune–Reischauer pi, Yale pi)

1. (말곰 비, malgom-): brown bear, horse bear

Synonyms

• 熊 (웅, ung) bear

Vietnamese

Han character

羆: Hán Nôm readings: bi

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.