處子

See also: 处子 and 処子

Chinese

		to reside; to stay at home; virginity	child; son; (noun suffix) child; son; (noun suffix); small thing; seed; egg; 1st earthly branch; 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight
trad. (處子)		處	子
simp. (处子)		处	子

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chǔzǐ

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨˇ ㄗˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cyu² zi²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chǔzǐ [Phonetic: chúzǐ]
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄨˇ ㄗˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chǔzǐh
    • Wade–Giles: chʻu³-tzŭ³
    • Yale: chǔ-dž
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuutzyy
    • Palladius: чуцзы (čuczy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: cyu² zi²
    • Yale: chyú jí
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsy² dzi²
    • Guangdong Romanization: qu² ji²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰyː³⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: tsyhoX tsiX

Rime
Character	處	子
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	昌 (24)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	昌與切	即里切
Baxter	tsyhoX	tsiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕʰɨʌX/	/t͡sɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʰiɔX/	/t͡sɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕʰiɔX/	/t͡sieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cʰɨə̆X/	/t͡sɨX/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕʰiɔX/	/t͡siəX/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕʰĭoX/	/t͡sĭəX/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕʰi̯woX/	/t͡siX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chǔ	zǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cyu2	zi2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*t.qʰaʔ  [ts]əʔ|tsəʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰljaʔ  ʔslɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	處	子	子
Reading #	1/2	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chǔ	zǐ	zǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyhoX ›	‹ tsiX ›	‹ tsiX ›
Old Chinese	/*t.qʰaʔ/	/*[ts]əʔ/	/*tsəʔ/
English	be at	1st earthly branch	child; gentleman, master
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	處	子
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	5248	17857
Phonetic component	虍	子
Rime group	魚	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	杵	子
Old Chinese	/*kʰljaʔ/	/*ʔslɯʔ/

Noun

處子

1. unmarried woman
2. (literary) female virgin; maiden

   • 踰東家牆而摟其處子，則得妻；不摟，則不得妻，則將摟之乎？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     逾东家墙而搂其处子，则得妻；不搂，则不得妻，则将搂之乎？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE

     Yú dōngjiā qiáng ér lōu qí chùzǐ, zé dé qī; bù lōu, zé bù dé qī, zé jiāng lōu zhī hū? [Pinyin]

     If by getting over your neighbour's wall, and dragging away his virgin daughter, you can get a wife, while if you do not do so, you will not be able to get a wife, will you so drag her away?

   • 山中處子大如孃，緩着粉紅短布裳。赤脚踉蹌羞過客，松籬深院弄花香。 [Korean Literary Sinitic, trad.]

     From: 《淮陽過次》 by Kim Byeong'yeon (金炳淵), 1800s

     San jung cheoja dae yeo nyang, wan chak bunhong dan po sang. Jeokgak nangchang su gwagaek, song ni sim won nong hwahyang. [Sino-Korean]

     The girl on the mountain is tall like a woman, leisurely wearing her skirt of short pink cloth. Her bare feet totter, abash at the passerby; far inside her yard within the pine fence, she plays amid the scent of flowers.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 處女 (“female virgin; maiden”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		處女, 處子
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		處女, 黃花閨女, 童貞女, 童女
Mandarin	Beijing	黃花女兒
	Taiwan	處女
	Harbin	黃花兒閨女, 黃花閨女
	Wuhan	黃花幼女
	Singapore	處女
Cantonese	Guangzhou	褸𩬎妹
	Hong Kong	處女, 黃花閨女
Gan	Nanchang	黃花閨女
	Pingxiang	黃花女
Hakka	Meixian	黃花女
Southern Min	Xiamen	在室女
	Quanzhou	在室女
	Zhangzhou	在室女, 儂厝查某仔
	Tainan	在室女
	Singapore (Hokkien)	在室女
	Manila (Hokkien)	在室女
	Longyan	在室女
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	紅花女
	Leizhou	包紅, 家內女
Wu	Shanghai	黃花閨女
	Suzhou	黃花閨女
Xiang	Changsha	紅花女, 紅花姑娘, 紅花妹子
	Loudi	黃花女

Derived terms

• 處子秀／处子秀

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (處子):

• → Japanese: 処子(しょし) (shoshi)
• → Korean: 처자(處子) (cheoja)

Korean

Hanja in this term
處	子

Noun

處子 • (cheoja) (hangeul 처자)

1. Hanja form^? of 처자 (“unmarried woman”).
2. Hanja form^? of 처자 (“(literary) virgin (female); maiden”).