蜻蛉
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Chinese[edit]
dragonfly | |||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (蜻蛉) | 蜻 | 蛉 | |
simp. #(蜻蛉) | 蜻 | 蛉 |
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
蜻蛉
Derived terms[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
蜻 | 蛉 |
とんぼ | |
Hyōgaiji | Hyōgaiji |
jukujikun |
Alternative spelling |
---|
蜻蜓 |
/toɴboː/ → /toɴbo/
Shift from earlier tonbō, shortening the final vowel.[1] Now the most common reading of this term.
The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 蜻蛉 (qīnglíng).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
- As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as トンボ.
Derived terms[edit]
- 竹蜻蛉 (take tonbo): a bamboo dragonfly/bamboo-copter; a toy.
- 黄蜻蛉 (ki tonbo): a yellow darter (Sympetrum croceolum)
Etymology 2[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
蜻 | 蛉 |
とんぼう | |
Hyōgaiji | Hyōgaiji |
jukujikun |
/toubau/ → /toːbɔː/ → /toɴbɔː/ → /toɴboː/
Shift from earlier tōbō.[4] Appears in the 康頼本草 (Yasuyori Honzō) of 995 CE.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
蜻蛉 or 蜻蛉 • (tonbō) ←とんばう (tonbau)?
Etymology 3[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
蜻 | 蛉 |
とうぼう | |
Hyōgaiji | Hyōgaiji |
jukujikun |
/toubau/ → /toːbɔː/ → /toːboː/
Derivation unknown.[4] Some theories include:
- Originally a compound of 飛ぶ (tobu, “to fly; flying”) + 棒 (bō, “stick, pole”, ancient reading bau).[5] However, this combines a native Japanese etymon with a Chinese borrowing, and the term appears early in the historical record, when such compounds were not common.[6]
- Originally a compound of 飛ぶ (tobu, “to fly; flying”) + 羽 (ha, “wing”, ancient reading pa) + uncertain element う (u).[5] While more likely in terms of historical trends, this leaves the final element unexplained.[6]
This reading appears to have been superseded by tonbō and tonbo.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
蜻蛉 or 蜻蛉 • (tōbō) ←とうばう (toubau)?
Etymology 4[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
蜻 | 蛉 |
せい Hyōgaiji |
れい Hyōgaiji |
kan’on |
From Middle Chinese 蜻蛉 (MC tsjeng leng).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Etymology 5[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
蜻 | 蛉 |
えんば | |
Hyōgaiji | Hyōgaiji |
irregular |
Attested in the late 18th century.[4]
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Noun[edit]
蜻蛉 or 蜻蛉 • (enba) ←ゑんば (wenba)?
Etymology 6[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
蜻 | 蛉 |
あきつ | |
Hyōgaiji | Hyōgaiji |
irregular |
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
蜻 | 蛉 |
あきず | |
Hyōgaiji | Hyōgaiji |
irregular |
For pronunciation and definitions of 蜻蛉 – see the following entry. | ||||
| ||||
(This term, 蜻蛉, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 7[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
蜻 | 蛉 |
かぎろう | |
Hyōgaiji | Hyōgaiji |
irregular |
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
蜻 | 蛉 |
かげろう | |
Hyōgaiji | Hyōgaiji |
irregular |
For pronunciation and definitions of 蜻蛉 – see the following entry. | ||||
| ||||
(This term, 蜻蛉, is an alternative spelling (obsolete) of the above term.) |
References[edit]
- ^ “蜻蛉・蜻蜓”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 “蜻蛉”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)[2] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 “トンボ・蜻蛉”, in 日本辞典 (Nihon Jiten, “Japan Dictionary”) (in Japanese), 2007–2017.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 “トンボ/蜻蛉/とんぼ”, in 語源由来辞典 (Gogen Yurai Jiten, “Etymology Derivation Dictionary”) (in Japanese), 2003–2024.
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