起きる

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Japanese[edit]

Kanji in this term

Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Etymology[edit]

From Old Japanese 起く (oku), following 上二段活用 (kami nidan katsuyō, upper bigrade conjugation), from Proto-Japonic *əku.

First cited to the Man'yōshū of circa 759 CE.[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (file)
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "起きる"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
起きる [òkíꜜrù]
Imperative (命令形) 起きろ [òkíꜜrò]
Key constructions
Passive 起きられる きられ [òkíráréꜜrù]
Causative 起きさせる きさせ [òkísáséꜜrù]
Potential 起きられる きられ [òkíráréꜜrù]
Volitional 起きよう きよ [òkíyóꜜò]
Negative 起きない ない [òkíꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 起きなかった なかった [òkíꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 起きます きま [òkímáꜜsù]
Perfective 起きた きた [óꜜkìtà]
Conjunctive 起きて きて [óꜜkìtè]
Hypothetical conditional 起きれば れば [òkíꜜrèbà]

Verb[edit]

()きる (okiruintransitive ichidan (stem () (oki), past ()きた (okita))

Japanese verb pair
active 起こす
mediopassive 起きる
  1. to wake up
    • 2003 September 22, Akinobu Uraku, “(だい)61(ろくじゅういち)() (いと)しきものの(ため) [Chapter 61: All for Our Loved Ones]”, in (とう)(きょう)アンダーグラウンド [Tokyo Underground], volume 11 (fiction), Square Enix, →ISBN, page 59:
      ()きてよ 風使(かぜつか)いのにーちゃん!こんなことで()てるとカゼひいちゃうよ
      Okite yo Kazetsukai no nī-chan! Konna koto de neteru to kaze hiichau yo
      Wake up, brother Wind Master! You’ll catch a cold if you keep sleeping like this
  2. to stay up, to stay awake
  3. to get up, to sit up
  4. to occur, to happen

Conjugation[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ ”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten)[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.