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Egyptian [ edit ] Pronunciation [ edit ] 3-lit.
( transitive ) scratch with claws or nails( transitive ) carve (an inscription or picture )Inflection [ edit ]
Conjugation of ꜣẖꜥ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ꜣẖꜥ , geminated stem: ꜣẖꜥꜥ
infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive1
singular
plural
ꜣẖꜥ ꜣẖꜥw , ꜣẖꜥ ꜣẖꜥt ꜣẖꜥ ꜣẖꜥ
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective 2
periphrastic prospective 2
ꜣẖꜥ ḥr ꜣẖꜥ m ꜣẖꜥ r ꜣẖꜥ
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
ꜣẖꜥ.n ꜣẖꜥw , ꜣẖꜥ consecutive
ꜣẖꜥ.jn active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
terminative
ꜣẖꜥt
perfective 3
ꜣẖꜥ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 obligative1
ꜣẖꜥ.ḫr active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
imperfective
ꜣẖꜥ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
prospective 3
ꜣẖꜥ ꜣẖꜥꜥ potentialis1
ꜣẖꜥ.kꜣ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
subjunctive
ꜣẖꜥ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
ꜣẖꜥ.n active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 —
—
perfective
ꜣẖꜥ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 ꜣẖꜥ ꜣẖꜥ , ꜣẖꜥw 5 , ꜣẖꜥy 5
imperfective
ꜣẖꜥ , ꜣẖꜥy , ꜣẖꜥw 5 active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 ꜣẖꜥ , ꜣẖꜥj 6 , ꜣẖꜥy 6 ꜣẖꜥ , ꜣẖꜥw 5
prospective
ꜣẖꜥ , ꜣẖꜥtj 7 —
ꜣẖꜥtj 4 , ꜣẖꜥt 4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f .fj .s .sj .sn .snj .sn
Only in the masculine singular.
Only in the masculine.
Only in the feminine.
Alternative forms [ edit ]
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜣẖꜥ
ꜣẖꜥ ꜣḫꜥ
[Greco-Roman Period]
Derived terms [ edit ] References [ edit ] Erman, Adolf , Grapow, Hermann (1926 ) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache [1] →ISBN pages 19.6–19.12 Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962 ) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian , Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN page 5
