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Egyptian [ edit ]
Pronunciation [ edit ]
2ae gem.
( transitive ) to grasp , to physically seize (a person or thing; + m : with (one’s hand)) [since the Pyramid Texts]
( transitive , of animals) to seize as prey (+ r : to attack as prey)
( transitive ) to fold or clench together (one’s hands ) [26th Dynasty]
( transitive ) to take (+ n : to, for (oneself)) [Offering Ritual and Greco-Roman Period]
Inflection [ edit ]
Conjugation of ꜣmm (second geminate / 2ae gem. / II. gem.) — base stem: ꜣm , geminated stem: ꜣmm
infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive1
singular
plural
ꜣmm 8
ꜣmm
ꜣmmt
ꜣmm , ꜣm
ꜣmm , ꜣm
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective 2
periphrastic prospective 2
ꜣmm , ꜣm
ḥr ꜣmm
m ꜣmm
r ꜣmm
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
ꜣm.n
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
—
—
perfective
ꜣm
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
ꜣm
ꜣm , ꜣmw 5 , ꜣmy 5
imperfective
ꜣmm , ꜣmmy , ꜣmmw 5
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
ꜣmm , ꜣmmj 6 , ꜣmmy 6
ꜣmm , ꜣmmw 5
prospective
ꜣm , ꜣmtj 7
—
ꜣmmtj 4 , ꜣmmt 4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f /.fj , feminine .s /.sj , dual .sn /.snj , plural .sn .
Only in the masculine singular.
Only in the masculine.
Only in the feminine.
ꜣm before suffix pronouns.
Alternative forms [ edit ]
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜣmm
ꜣmm
ꜣmm
ꜣm
jm
ꜣmm
[18th Dynasty]
[New Kingdom]
[Greco-Roman Period]
[Greco-Roman Period]
inflected form
inflected form
abbreviation
Synonyms [ edit ]
Derived terms [ edit ]
m
The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
grip , grasp [since the Pyramid Texts]
Inflection [ edit ]
Declension of ꜣmm (masculine)
References [ edit ]
James P[eter] Allen (2010 ) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs , 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN , pages 228, 290 .
Erman, Adolf , Grapow, Hermann (1926 ) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache [1] , volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN , pages 10.17–10.22
Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962 ) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian , Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN , page 3