ꜥmḏ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈʕaːmət͡ʃʼ/ → /ˈʕoːmət͡ʃʼ/

• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈʕaːmət͡ʃʼ/ (infinitive)
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈʕoːmət͡ʃʼ/ (infinitive)

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /ɑːmɛd͡ʒ/
  • Conventional anglicization: amedj

Verb

 3-lit.

1. to turn away [Late Egyptian]
   • c. 7th century B.C.E., Karnak temple, J2 fragment of an inscription of Taharqa, columns 5–6

     …

     j jmn p(ꜣ) (j.)jr.j n p(ꜣ) tꜣ nḥs j.dj […] jmj jr.j sw n p(ꜣy).k jnw n(j) p(ꜣ) tꜣ n(j) ḫꜣr(w) j.Ꜥmḏ r-r.k

     O Amun, what I did in the Land of Nubia, grant […] let me do it with your tribute from the land of Syria which is turned away from you.

Inflection

Conjugation of ꜥmḏ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ꜥmḏ, geminated stem: ꜥmḏḏ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ꜥmḏ	ꜥmḏw, ꜥmḏ	ꜥmḏt	ꜥmḏ	ꜥmḏ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ꜥmḏ	ḥr ꜥmḏ	m ꜥmḏ	r ꜥmḏ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ꜥmḏ.n	ꜥmḏw, ꜥmḏ	consecutive	ꜥmḏ.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	ꜥmḏt
perfective3	ꜥmḏ	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	ꜥmḏ.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	ꜥmḏ	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	ꜥmḏ	ꜥmḏḏ	potentialis1	ꜥmḏ.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	ꜥmḏ	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ꜥmḏ.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	ꜥmḏ	active + .tj1, .tw2	ꜥmḏ	ꜥmḏ, ꜥmḏw5, ꜥmḏy5
imperfective	ꜥmḏ, ꜥmḏy, ꜥmḏw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	ꜥmḏ, ꜥmḏj6, ꜥmḏy6	ꜥmḏ, ꜥmḏw5
prospective	ꜥmḏ, ꜥmḏtj7	—	ꜥmḏtj4, ꜥmḏt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Descendants

• Sahidic Coptic: ⲱⲙϫ (ōmč)

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 104