진상

Korean

Etymology 1

Sino-Korean word from 眞相, from 眞 (“true”) + 相 (“appearance”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕinsʰa̠ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [진상]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	jinsang
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	jinsang
McCune–Reischauer?	chinsang
Yale Romanization?	cinsang

Noun

진상 • (jinsang) (hanja 眞相)

1. the real facts, the true facts

   사건의 진상을 규명하다 ― sageon-ui jinsang-eul gyumyeonghada ― to ascertain the truth of the event

Etymology 2

Sino-Korean word from 進 (“present”) + 上 (“above”). The strange semantic shift is supposedly related to the abuses associated with the tax, but no academic research appears to have been done.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ɕi(ː)nsʰa̠ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [진(ː)상]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	jinsang
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	jinsang
McCune–Reischauer?	chinsang
Yale Romanization?	cīnsang

Noun

진상 • (jinsang) (hanja 進上)

1. (slang) an object of poor quality
2. (slang) a distasteful, rude, or unseemly person, thing, or situation

   Synonyms: 꼴불견 (kkolbulgyeon), 가관(可觀) (gagwan)

   음식이 맛이 없다면서 돈 못 내겠다는 진상 손님

   eumsig-i mas-i eopdamyeonseo don mot naegetdaneun jinsang sonnim

   a rude customer who refuses to pay because he says the food tastes bad

   • 2020, PoliNews‎^[1]:

     깔끔해서 나쁠 건 없다고 생각한다. 인물이 잘생기지 못한 사람이 더럽기까지 하면 진짜 진상이다.

     Kkalkkeumhaeseo nappeul geon eopdago saenggakhanda. Inmur-i jalsaenggiji mothan saram-i deoreopgi-kkaji hamyeon jinjja jinsang'ida.

     I don't think anything is wrong with being neatly dressed. If a person who doesn't look handsome is dirty to boot, that's really unseemly.

3. (historical, original meaning) a gift for a king or high official
4. (historical) a type of in-kind tax in dynastic Korea, consisting chiefly of foodstuffs for the royal court

Derived terms

• 진상(進上)하다 (jinsanghada, “to present to the king”)

 

Etymology 3

Sino-Korean word from 進 (“advance”) + 相 (“appearance”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ɕi(ː)nsʰa̠ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [진(ː)상]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	jinsang
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	jinsang
McCune–Reischauer?	chinsang
Yale Romanization?	cīnsang

Noun

진상 • (jinsang) (hanja 進相)

1. (electronics, chiefly compounded) leading

   Antonym: 지상(遲相) (jisang)

   진상회로 ― jinsanghoero ― leading circuit

See also

• 앞섬 (apseom, “lead”)
• 위상앞섬 (wisang'apseom, “phase lead”)

 

Etymology 4

Sino-Korean word from 眞 (“true”) + 像 (“appearance”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕinsʰa̠ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [진상]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	jinsang
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	jinsang
McCune–Reischauer?	chinsang
Yale Romanization?	cinsang

Noun

진상 • (jinsang) (hanja 眞像)

1. true appearance, exact appearance

   조선시대 화공들은 인물의 진상만을 그리도록 교육 받았다.

   Joseonsidae hwagong-deur-eun inmur-ui jinsang-man-eul geuridorok gyoyuk badatda.

   The painters of the Joseon dynasty were trained to paint only the true appearance of the personages.

Etymology 5

Sino-Korean word from 塵 (“dust”) + 想 (“thought”).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕinsʰa̠ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [진상]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	jinsang
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	jinsang
McCune–Reischauer?	chinsang
Yale Romanization?	cinsang

Noun

진상 • (jinsang) (hanja 塵想)

1. (Buddhism) profane thoughts, distracting thoughts, materialistic thoughts

   Synonyms: 속념(俗念) (songnyeom), 잡념(雜念) (jamnyeom)