흥하다

Korean

FWOTD – 27 May 2019

Etymology

흥(興) (heung) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving active verbs).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [xɯŋɦa̠da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [흥하다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	heunghada
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	heunghada
McCune–Reischauer?	hŭnghada
Yale Romanization?	hunghata

Verb

흥하다 • (heunghada) (infinitive 흥해 or 흥하여, sequential 흥하니)

1. to thrive, flourish, prosper

   Antonym: 망(亡)하다 (manghada)

   • 2013 July, 한홍구 [hanhonggu], 대한민국사 4 [daehanmin'guksa 4, History of Korea 4], 한겨레출판 [han'gyeorechulpan], →ISBN:

     개방하고 교류한 나라는 망한 나라도 있고 흥한 나라도 있지만, 개방 않고 교류하지 않은 나라 중에는 흥한 나라가 없다.

     Gaebang-hago gyoryu-han nara-neun mang-han nara-do itgo heunghan nara-do itjiman, gaebang anko gyoryu-haji aneun nara jung-eneun heung-han nara-ga eopda.

     Among countries that have opened their borders, some have succeeded and others have failed, but none of the countries that have closed their borders have succeeded.

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 흥하다 (heunghada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	흥한다 heunghanda	흥해 heunghae	흥해요 heunghaeyo	흥합니다 heunghamnida
	Past	흥했다 heunghaetda	흥했어 heunghaesseo	흥했어요 heunghaesseoyo	흥했습니다 heunghaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	흥하느냐 heunghaneunya	흥해 heunghae	흥해요 heunghaeyo	흥합니까 heunghamnikka
	Past	흥했느냐 heunghaenneunya	흥했어 heunghaesseo	흥했어요 heunghaesseoyo	흥했습니까 heunghaetseumnikka
Hortative		흥하자 heunghaja	흥해 heunghae	흥해요 heunghaeyo	흥하십시다 heunghasipsida
Imperative		흥해라, 흥하여라 heunghaera, heunghayeora	흥해 heunghae	흥해요 heunghaeyo	흥합시오 heunghapsio
Assertive		흥하겠다 heunghagetda	흥하겠어 heunghagesseo	흥하겠어요 heunghagesseoyo	흥하겠습니다 heunghagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		흥해 heunghae	흥해서, 흥하여서 heunghaeseo, heunghayeoseo	흥하니 heunghani	흥하니까 heunghanikka
Contrast		흥하지만 heunghajiman	흥하는데 heunghaneunde	흥하더니 heunghadeoni
Conjunction		흥하고 heunghago
Condition		흥하면 heunghamyeon	흥해야, 흥하여야 heunghaeya, heunghayeoya
Motive		흥하려고 heungharyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		흥함 heungham	흥하기 heunghagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		흥했음, 흥하였음 heunghaesseum, heunghayeosseum	흥했기, 흥하였기 heunghaetgi, heunghayeotgi
Determiners	Past	흥한 heunghan
	Present	흥하는 heunghaneun
	Future	흥할 heunghal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	흥하신다 heunghasinda	흥하셔 heunghasyeo	흥하세요, 흥하셔요 heunghaseyo, heunghasyeoyo	흥하십니다 heunghasimnida
	Past	흥하셨다 heunghasyeotda	흥하셨어 heunghasyeosseo	흥하셨어요 heunghasyeosseoyo	흥하셨습니다 heunghasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	흥하시느냐 heunghasineunya	흥하셔 heunghasyeo	흥하세요, 흥하셔요 heunghaseyo, heunghasyeoyo	흥하십니까 heunghasimnikka
	Past	흥하셨느냐 heunghasyeonneunya	흥하셨어 heunghasyeosseo	흥하셨어요 heunghasyeosseoyo	흥하셨습니까 heunghasyeotseumnikka
Imperative		흥하시라 heunghasira	흥하셔 heunghasyeo	흥하세요 heunghaseyo	흥하십시오 heunghasipsio
Assertive		흥하시겠다 heunghasigetda	흥하시겠어 heunghasigesseo	흥하시겠어요 heunghasigesseoyo	흥하시겠습니다 heunghasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		흥하셔 heunghasyeo	흥하셔서 heunghasyeoseo	흥하시니 heunghasini	흥하시니까 heunghasinikka
Contrast		흥하시지만 heunghasijiman	흥하시는데 heunghasineunde	흥하시더니 heunghasideoni
Conjunction		흥하시고 heunghasigo
Condition		흥하시면 heunghasimyeon	흥하셔야 heunghasyeoya
Motive		흥하시려고 heunghasiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		흥하심 heunghasim	흥하시기 heunghasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		흥하셨음 heunghasyeosseum	흥하셨기 heunghasyeotgi
Determiners	Past	흥하신 heunghasin
	Present	흥하시는 heunghasineun
	Future	흥하실 heunghasil