πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½

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Gothic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From πŒΏπƒ- (us-) +‎ Proto-Germanic *gaisijanΔ…, which is related to *gaistaz. Compare Old English gΓ¦stan.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /us.ΛˆΙ‘Ι›Λs.jan/

Verb[edit]

πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (usgaisjan)

  1. to frighten, to scare
    • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Mark (Codex Argenteus) 3.21:[1]
      𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ·πŒ°πŒΏπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ π†π‚πŒ°πŒΌ 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 πŒ±π‰πŒΊπŒ°π‚πŒΎπ‰πƒ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ°πŒ½πŒΈπŒ°π‚πŒ°πŒΉ πŒΏπƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ³πŒΎπŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½ 𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 𐌹𐌽𐌰; 𐌡𐌴𐌸𐌿𐌽 𐌰𐌿𐌺 πŒΈπŒ°π„πŒ΄πŒΉ πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒΈπƒ πŒΉπƒπ„.
      jah hausjandans fram imma bōkarjōs jah anΓΎarai usiddjΔ“dun gahaban ina; qΔ“ΓΎun auk ΓΎatei usgaisiΓΎs ist.
      And when his friends heard of it, they went out to lay hold on him: for they said, He is beside himself. (KJV).

Conjugation[edit]

Class 1 weak
Infinitive πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½
usgaisjan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°
usgaisja 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
usgaisida 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
usgaisjada
2nd singular πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
usgaiseis 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πƒ
usgaisidΔ“s 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
usgaisjaza
3rd singular πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
usgaiseiΓΎ 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
usgaisida 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
usgaisjada
1st dual πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπ‰πƒ
usgaisjōs 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏ
usgaisidΔ“du 		—
2nd dual πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
usgaisjats 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ
usgaisidΔ“duts 		—
1st plural πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΌ
usgaisjam 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ
usgaisidΔ“dum 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
usgaisjanda
2nd plural πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
usgaiseiΓΎ 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ
usgaisidΔ“duΓΎ 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
usgaisjanda
3rd plural πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
usgaisjand 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½
usgaisidΔ“dun 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
usgaisjanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
usgaisjau 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
usgaisidΔ“djau 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
usgaisjaidau
2nd singular πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
usgaisjais 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
usgaisidΔ“deis 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
usgaisjaizau
3rd singular πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉ
usgaisjai 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΉ
usgaisidΔ“di 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
usgaisjaidau
1st dual πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
usgaisjaiwa 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
usgaisidΔ“deiwa 		—
2nd dual πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
usgaisjaits 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
usgaisidΔ“deits 		—
1st plural πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
usgaisjaima 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
usgaisidΔ“deima 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
usgaisjaindau
2nd plural πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
usgaisjaiΓΎ 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
usgaisidΔ“deiΓΎ 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
usgaisjaindau
3rd plural πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
usgaisjaina 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
usgaisidΔ“deina 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
usgaisjaindau
Imperative
2nd singular πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒ΄πŒΉ
usgaisei
3rd singular πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
usgaisjadau
2nd dual πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°π„πƒ
usgaisjats
2nd plural πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
usgaiseiΓΎ
3rd plural πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
usgaisjandau
Present Past
Participles πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
usgaisjands 		πŒΏπƒπŒ²πŒ°πŒΉπƒπŒΉπŒΈπƒ
usgaisiΓΎs

Related terms[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Mark chapter 3 Provided by Project Wulfila 2004, University of Antwerp, Belgium.
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