𒂄

𒂄 U+12084, 𒂄 CUNEIFORM SIGN DUN ← 𒂃 [U+12083] Cuneiform 𒂅 → [U+12085]

Translingual

Cuneiform sign

𒂄	Sign Number
MZL	744
Deimel	467
HZL	46

References

• R. Borger, Mesopotamisches Zeichenlexikon (MZL), Münster (2003)
• A. Deimel, Šumerisches Lexikon (Deimel), Rome (1947)
• Chr. Rüster, E. Neu, Hethitisches Zeichenlexikon (HZL), Wiesbaden (1989)

Akkadian

Sign values

Sign	𒂄
Sumerograms	DUN, ŠUL
Phonetic values	dun, šaḫ₂, šul

Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Sumerian 𒂄 (šaḫ₂, “pig”).

Logogram

𒂄 • (ŠAḪ₂)

1. Sumerogram of šaḫûm (“pig”)

Sumerian

Etymology 1

A term found in the alleged Euphratic substrate theory, which connects it to Proto-Indo-European *suH- (“pig, swine”). This word in particular is not of a typical syllable structure for being native Sumerian, which is the main sign indicating a potential borrowing into the language. Concurring with the opinion of Pennsylvania State University's Dr. Rubio, the borrowing from multiple languages rather than a specific substratum is now the predominant viewpoint in the field.

Alternative forms of /šaḫ/
𒋚 (šaḫ)

Noun

𒂄 • (šaḫ₂ /šaḫ/)

1. pig

   Coordinate term: 𒂄𒍢𒁕 (^šaḫ₂ze₂-da /⁠zeda⁠/, “piglet”)

Descendants

• → Akkadian: 𒂄 (šaḫûm)

Etymology 2

Verb

𒂄 • (dun)

1. to dig

References

• Whittaker, Gordon (2008) “The Case for Euphratic”, in Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences‎^[1], volume 2, number 3, pages 156–168.
• “𒂄 (šaḫ)” in ePSD2
• “𒂄 (dun)” in ePSD2