Bernstein
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English[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- (transliteration): Bernshteyn
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from German Bernstein.
Proper noun[edit]
Bernstein (plural Bernsteins)
Translations[edit]
German surname
French[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from German Bernstein.
Proper noun[edit]
Bernstein m or f by sense
Further reading[edit]
German[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Borrowed from Middle Low German bernstein, barnstēn. Pertaining to brennen (“to burn”) with Low German metathesis of -r- (compare bersten, Born).
Cognate with English brimstone and Old Norse brennisteinn. The word was borrowed from Middle Low German into several Scandinavian and Slavic languages.
Noun[edit]
Bernstein m (strong, genitive Bernsteines or Bernsteins, plural Bernsteine)
- (usually uncountable) amber
Declension[edit]
Declension of Bernstein [masculine, strong]
| singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indef. | def. | noun | def. | noun | |
| nominative | ein | der | Bernstein | die | Bernsteine |
| genitive | eines | des | Bernsteines, Bernsteins | der | Bernsteine |
| dative | einem | dem | Bernstein, Bernsteine1 | den | Bernsteinen |
| accusative | einen | den | Bernstein | die | Bernsteine |
1Now rare, see notes.
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
In some cases from etymology 1, in others probably from Bär (“bear”) + Stein or perhaps yet other words. Also compare Barenstein and Bärenstein.
Proper noun[edit]
Bernstein n (proper noun, genitive Bernsteins or (optionally with an article) Bernstein)
- A municipality of Burgenland, Austria
- (chiefly historical) a town in Pomerania, now Pełczyce, Poland
Proper noun[edit]
Bernstein m or f (proper noun, strong, genitive Bernsteins or (with an article) Bernstein, plural Bernsteins or Bernstein)
- a surname
Descendants[edit]
- → English: Bernstein
- → French: Bernstein
- → Hungarian: Bernstein
- → Chinese: → 伯恩斯坦 (Bó'ēnsītǎn) (transliteration)
Further reading[edit]
- “Bernstein” in Duden online
- “Bernstein” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Bernstein”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 76
- Hanks, Patrick, editor (2003), “Bernstein”, in Dictionary of American Family Names, volume 1, New York City: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 146.
Hungarian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Bernstein
- a surname
Declension[edit]
| Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | Bernstein | Bernsteinek |
| accusative | Bernsteint | Bernsteineket |
| dative | Bernsteinnek | Bernsteineknek |
| instrumental | Bernsteinnel | Bernsteinekkel |
| causal-final | Bernsteinért | Bernsteinekért |
| translative | Bernsteinné | Bernsteinekké |
| terminative | Bernsteinig | Bernsteinekig |
| essive-formal | Bernsteinként | Bernsteinekként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | Bernsteinben | Bernsteinekben |
| superessive | Bernsteinen | Bernsteineken |
| adessive | Bernsteinnél | Bernsteineknél |
| illative | Bernsteinbe | Bernsteinekbe |
| sublative | Bernsteinre | Bernsteinekre |
| allative | Bernsteinhez | Bernsteinekhez |
| elative | Bernsteinből | Bernsteinekből |
| delative | Bernsteinről | Bernsteinekről |
| ablative | Bernsteintől | Bernsteinektől |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
Bernsteiné | Bernsteineké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
Bernsteinéi | Bernsteinekéi |
| Possessive forms of Bernstein | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | Bernsteinem | Bernsteinjeim |
| 2nd person sing. | Bernsteined | Bernsteinjeid |
| 3rd person sing. | Bernsteinje | Bernsteinjei |
| 1st person plural | Bernsteinünk | Bernsteinjeink |
| 2nd person plural | Bernsteinetek | Bernsteinjeitek |
| 3rd person plural | Bernsteinjük | Bernsteinjeik |
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- Laczkó, Krisztina with Attila Mártonfi (2006) Helyesírás [Orthography], Budapest: Osiris Kiadó, →ISBN
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