Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/jḗˀgāˀ

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This Proto-Balto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Balto-Slavic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Related to *jḗˀgtei (“to be able”) +‎ *-āˀ, probably akin to Ancient Greek ἥβη (hḗbē, “youth, vigour”) (from Proto-Indo-European *yegʷ- / *Hyeh₂gʷ-?). Per Nikolaev (cited by Villanueva Svensson), possibly an example of Narten acrostatic noun.[1]

Within Slavic, comparison has been drawn to Russian я́глый (jáglyj, “vigorous, energetic”) (of disputed origin).

Noun[edit]

*jḗˀgāˀ f[2]

  1. capacity, power

Declension[edit]

Declension of *jḗˀgāˀ (ā-stem, fixed accent)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *jḗˀgāˀ *jḗˀgāiˀ *jḗˀgās
Accusative *jḗˀgā(ˀ)n *jḗˀgāiˀ *jḗˀgā(ˀ)ns
Genitive *jḗˀgā(ˀ)s *jḗˀgāu(ˀ) *jḗˀgōn
Locative *jḗˀgāiˀ *jḗˀgāu(ˀ) *jḗˀgā(ˀ)su
Dative *jḗˀgāi *jḗˀgā(ˀ)mā(ˀ) *jḗˀgā(ˀ)mas
Instrumental *jḗˀgāˀn *jḗˀgā(ˀ)māˀ *jḗˀgā(ˀ)mīˀs
Vocative *jḗˀga *jḗˀgāiˀ *jḗˀgās

Descendants[edit]

  • East Baltic:
    • ⇒ Latgalian: jāgs
    • Latvian: jēga (“sense, meaning”)
    • Lithuanian: jėgà (“strength”) (stress pattern 2 or 4)

References[edit]

  1. ^ Villanueva Svensson, Miguel (2011) “Indo-European long vowels in Balto-Slavic”, in Baltistica XLVI‎[1], page 16: “Proto-Baltic immobile noun with acute intonation”
  2. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “jėga”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 210

Further reading[edit]

  • “jėga”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “яглый”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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