Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/uxsū
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Indo-European *úks-ō, from *uksḗn (“ox”).
Noun[edit]
Declension[edit]
Originally:
| Masculine/feminine consonant stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *uxsens | *uxsene | *uxsenes |
| vocative | *uxsens | *uxsene | *uxsenes |
| accusative | *uxsenam | *uxsene | *uxsenams |
| genitive | *uxsenos | *uxsenou | *uxsenom |
| dative | *uxsenei | *uxsenobom | *uxsenobos |
| locative | *uxseni | — | — |
| instrumental | *uxsene? | *uxsenobim | *uxsenobis |
In Brythonic, the nominative singular was secondarily substituted by the amphikinetic ending *-ū.
| Masculine/feminine consonant stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *uxsū | *uxsene | *uxsenes |
| vocative | *uxsū | *uxsene | *uxsenes |
| accusative | *uxsenam | *uxsene | *uxsenams |
| genitive | *uxsenos | *uxsenou | *uxsenom |
| dative | *uxsenei | *uxsenobom | *uxsenobos |
| locative | *uxseni | — | — |
| instrumental | *uxsene? | *uxsenobim | *uxsenobis |
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Proto-Brythonic: *üx sg, *uxen pl (“oxen”) (*ödjon (“ox”) commonly used in the singular[4])[3][5][1]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 258
- ^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*uxso-, *uxson-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 401-402
- ^ Williams, Robert (1865) “OH”, in Lexicon Cornu-Britannicum: A Dictionary of the Ancient Celtic Language of Cornwall, in which the Words are elucidated by Copious Examples from the Cornish Works now remaining; With Translations in English, London: Trubner & Co., page 271
- ^ Zair, Nicholas (2012) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 27