Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þakwōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *teh₂g- (“to touch”), either derived from a u-stem derivative of the root +‎ *-ōną, (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?) or, if the alternative reconstruction *þakkōną is correct, inherited from Proto-Indo-European *th₂gnéh₂ti and thus formally cognate with Latin tangō (“touch”, verb). Further cognate with Ancient Greek τεταγών (tetagṓn, “having seized”), τάσσω (tássō, “arrange”) and Latin taxō (“touch, feel”, verb).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈθɑ.kʷɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*þakwōną

1. to touch, pat, tap

Inflection

Conjugation of *þakwōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*þakwō	*þakwǭ	—	*þakwōi	?
2nd singular	*þakwōsi	*þakwōs	*þakwō	*þakwōsai	*þakwōsau
3rd singular	*þakwōþi	*þakwō	*þakwōþau	*þakwōþai	*þakwōþau
1st dual	*þakwōs	*þakwōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*þakwōþiz	*þakwōþiz	*þakwōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*þakwōmaz	*þakwōm	—	*þakwōnþai	*þakwōnþau
2nd plural	*þakwōþ	*þakwōþ	*þakwōþ	*þakwōnþai	*þakwōnþau
3rd plural	*þakwōnþi	*þakwōn	*þakwōnþau	*þakwōnþai	*þakwōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*þakwōdǭ	*þakwōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*þakwōdēz	*þakwōdēdīz
3rd singular	*þakwōdē	*þakwōdēdī
1st dual	*þakwōdēdū	*þakwōdēdīw
2nd dual	*þakwōdēdudiz	*þakwōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*þakwōdēdum	*þakwōdēdīm
2nd plural	*þakwōdēdud	*þakwōdēdīd
3rd plural	*þakwōdēdun	*þakwōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*þakwōndz	*þakwōdaz

Alternative reconstructions

• *þakkōną, *þakōną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *þakwōn, *þakkōn
  • Old English: þaccian
    • Middle English: thakken
      • Scots: thack, thwak
      • English: thack, thwack
  • Old Saxon: *thakkōn, *thakōn
    • ⇒ Old Saxon: thakolōn
  • Old Dutch: *thakon
    • Middle Dutch: daken
• Old Norse: þjökka, þjaka
  • Faroese: *tjaka
    • ⇒ Faroese: tjakast
  • Icelandic: þjaka
  • Norwegian: tjåka