Proto-Germanic[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl (“apple, apple tree”).
Pronunciation[edit]
*aplaz m[1]
- apple, fruit
Inflection[edit]
masculine a-stemDeclension of *aplaz (masculine a-stem)
|
|
singular
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plural
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nominative
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*aplaz
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*aplōz, *aplōs
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vocative
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*apl
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*aplōz, *aplōs
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accusative
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*aplą
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*aplanz
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genitive
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*aplas, *aplis
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*aplǫ̂
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dative
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*aplai
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*aplamaz
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instrumental
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*aplō
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*aplamiz
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Related terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Proto-West Germanic: *applu, *apl
- Old English: æppel, apl, appel, æppyl
- Middle English: appel, apple, appyl, appyll, appil, appill, appell, eppel, appul, appull, appulle, eappel; æppel, æpple, eappel
- English: apple (see there for further descendants)
- Scots: aipple
- Old Frisian: appel
- Old Saxon: appel, appul, apl
- Middle Low German: appel
- German Low German: Appel
- → German: Appel (colloquial, regional)
- Plautdietsch: Aupel
- Old Dutch: *appel, ephela (pl.), apheles (gen.sg.)
- Old High German: apful, aphul, apfol, afful, *appul
- Middle High German: apfel, epfel, öpfel, appel
- Alemannic German: Öpfel, Apfel
- Alsatian: Àpfel, Epfel
- Italian Walser: effél, epfel, epfil, öpfil
- Swabian: Ebfl
- Bavarian: Åpfe
- Cimbrian: oupfal, öpfel, öpfl
- Mòcheno: epfl
- Udinese: eipfele, epfl
- Central Franconian: Appel
- East Central German:
- Upper Saxon German: Abbel, Appel
- Vilamovian: epuł
- East Franconian:
- German: Apfel
- Rhine Franconian:
- Hessian: Àbbel, Ebbel, Abbel
- Pennsylvania German: Abbel, Appel
- Yiddish: עפּל (epl)
- Crimean Gothic: apel
References[edit]
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*apla-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 31