Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dangijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

• *dangwijaną

Etymology

From *dingwaną +‎ *-janą; apparently with delabialization of -gw- caused by following what was originally a round vowel and coming before the suffix -j-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdɑŋ.ɡi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*dangijaną

1. to beat, hit

Inflection

Conjugation of *dangijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*dangijō	*dangijaų	—	*dangijai	?
2nd singular	*dangīsi	*dangijais	*dangī	*dangijasai	*dangijaisau
3rd singular	*dangīþi	*dangijai	*dangijaþau	*dangijaþai	*dangijaiþau
1st dual	*dangijōs	*dangijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*dangijaþiz	*dangijaiþiz	*dangijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*dangijamaz	*dangijaim	—	*dangijanþai	*dangijainþau
2nd plural	*dangīþ	*dangijaiþ	*dangīþ	*dangijanþai	*dangijainþau
3rd plural	*dangijanþi	*dangijain	*dangijanþau	*dangijanþai	*dangijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*dangidǭ	*dangidēdį̄
2nd singular	*dangidēz	*dangidēdīz
3rd singular	*dangidē	*dangidēdī
1st dual	*dangidēdū	*dangidēdīw
2nd dual	*dangidēdudiz	*dangidēdīdiz
1st plural	*dangidēdum	*dangidēdīm
2nd plural	*dangidēdud	*dangidēdīd
3rd plural	*dangidēdun	*dangidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*dangijandz	*dangidaz

Derived terms

• *dangalaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *dangijan
  • Old English: denċġan, denġan
    • Middle English: dingen
      • English: dinge
  • Old High German: *tengen
    • Middle High German: tengen
• Old Norse: dengja
  • Icelandic: dengja
  • Faroese: deingja
  • Old Swedish: dængia
    • Swedish: dänga
  • Elfdalian: daindja
• → Proto-Samic: *tāmčëtēk (see there for further descendants)