Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/natǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Unknown; perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *neh₂d- (“to twist, knot, tie”). Possibly cognate with Old Irish nenaid (“nettle”).

Noun

*natǭ f

1. nettle

Inflection

ōn-stemDeclension of *natǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*natǭ	*natōniz
vocative	*natǭ	*natōniz
accusative	*natōnų	*natōnunz
genitive	*natōniz	*natōnǫ̂
dative	*natōni	*natōmaz
instrumental	*natōnē	*natōmiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *natā
  • ⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *natilā
    • Old English: netele, netle
      • Middle English: netele, netle, nettle
        • English: nettle
        • Scots: nettill
    • Old Frisian: *netele
      • Saterland Frisian: Neetele, Neetel
      • West Frisian: nettel
    • Old Saxon: netila
      • Middle Low German: nêtele, nettele, nettel
        • German Low German:

          Westphalian:

          Westmünsterländisch: Nettel, Nöttel

          East Westphalian: Niedel (Ravensberg), Nettel (Lippe)

          South Westphalian: Niëdel (Dortmund)

          Sauerländisch: Nietel, Nettel (Wenden)

        • Dutch Low Saxon:

          Twents: nettel

        • → Danish: nelde, nælde
        • → Norwegian: nesle, netla, nesla, natla
        • → Old Swedish: nætla
          • Swedish: nässla, nättla, nälla
        • → Scanian: nælla
    • Old Dutch: *netila
      • Middle Dutch: nētele, nettel
        • Dutch: netel
    • Old High German: nezzila
      • Middle High German: nezzel
        • Cimbrian: éssala (reanalyzed)
        • German: Nessel
          • → Yiddish: ברעננעסל (brennesl)
        • Yiddish: ניסול (nisul) (Middle Yiddish, attested in Shemot Devarim)
• Old Norse: nata
  • Faroese: nota
  • Gutnish: nata
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: brennuttu, nata, nesle, netle