Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/naudigōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *naudigaz (“wanted, needed”) +‎ *-ōną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈnɑu̯.ði.ɣɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*naudigōną

1. to compel, to force
2. to invite, to compel to come

Inflection

Conjugation of *naudigōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*naudigō	*naudigǭ	—	*naudigōi	?
2nd singular	*naudigōsi	*naudigōs	*naudigō	*naudigōsai	*naudigōsau
3rd singular	*naudigōþi	*naudigō	*naudigōþau	*naudigōþai	*naudigōþau
1st dual	*naudigōs	*naudigōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*naudigōþiz	*naudigōþiz	*naudigōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*naudigōmaz	*naudigōm	—	*naudigōnþai	*naudigōnþau
2nd plural	*naudigōþ	*naudigōþ	*naudigōþ	*naudigōnþai	*naudigōnþau
3rd plural	*naudigōnþi	*naudigōn	*naudigōnþau	*naudigōnþai	*naudigōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*naudigōdǭ	*naudigōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*naudigōdēz	*naudigōdēdīz
3rd singular	*naudigōdē	*naudigōdēdī
1st dual	*naudigōdēdū	*naudigōdēdīw
2nd dual	*naudigōdēdudiz	*naudigōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*naudigōdēdum	*naudigōdēdīm
2nd plural	*naudigōdēdud	*naudigōdēdīd
3rd plural	*naudigōdēdun	*naudigōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*naudigōndz	*naudigōdaz

Related terms

• *naudijaną
• *naudiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *naudigōn
  • Old Frisian: nêdigia
    • West Frisian: noadzje, noegje, needzje
  • Old Saxon: *nōdigon
    • Middle Low German: nōdigen, nȫdigen
  • Old Dutch: *nōdigon
    • Middle Dutch: nôdigen
      • Dutch: nodigen (rare)
        • ⇒ Dutch: uitnodigen
  • Old High German: nōtagōn, nōtīgōn, nōtigōn
    • Middle High German: nōtigen
      • German: nötigen
• Old Norse: nauðga
  • Icelandic: nauðga
  • Faroese: neyðga
  • Old Swedish: nöþgha
    • ⇒ Swedish: nödgas