Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/risiz
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic[edit]
Alternative reconstructions[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Unknown[2]. Possibly a zero-grade derivative of *rīsaną.[1]
On the basis of Old Dutch wrisil (“hero”) and Old Saxon wrisilīk (“gigantic”), this form is sometimes reconstructed as *wrisi-, and then either from Proto-Indo-European *wreyh₁- (thus related to Ancient Greek ῥίον (rhíon, “peak, summit”), and perhaps Tocharian A ri, Tocharian B rye (“city, town”), Thracian βρία (vría, “city, wall”)),[4] or from Proto-Indo-European *wers- (“hill, top”)[5] (perhaps whence Latin verrūca (“wart; hillock”), Sanskrit वर्स्मन् (vársman, “height, top”), Proto-Slavic *vьrxъ (“top”)). However, this derivation is problematic as there is no sign of an initial cluster wr- in any of the descendants that otherwise preserve it (northern West Germanic and Old East Norse).[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
*risiz m[1]
- a giant
Inflection[edit]
| i-stemDeclension of *risiz (i-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | *risiz | *risīz | |
| vocative | *risi | *risīz | |
| accusative | *risį | *risinz | |
| genitive | *risīz | *risjǫ̂ | |
| dative | *risī | *risimaz | |
| instrumental | *risī | *risimiz | |
Synonyms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Proto-West Germanic: *risi, *wrisi
- Old Norse: risi
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Philippa, Marlies, Debrabandere, Frans, Quak, Arend, Schoonheim, Tanneke, van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009) “reus”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands[1] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Riese¹”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 600
- ^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*wrisjōn”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[2], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
- ^ Frisk, Hjalmar (1960) “ῥίον”, in Griechisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, page 658
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “u̯er-s-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1151