Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skeldaną

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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Indo-European *skeldʰ-,[1] from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (“to call, to shout, to sound”) with a s-mobile.

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

*skeldaną[1]

  1. to scold

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of *skeldaną (strong class 3)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *skeldō *skeldaų — *skeldai ?
2nd singular *skildizi *skeldaiz *skeld *skeldazai *skeldaizau
3rd singular *skildidi *skeldai *skeldadau *skeldadai *skeldaidau
1st dual *skeldōz *skeldaiw — — —
2nd dual *skeldadiz *skeldaidiz *skeldadiz — —
1st plural *skeldamaz *skeldaim — *skeldandai *skeldaindau
2nd plural *skildid *skeldaid *skildid *skeldandai *skeldaindau
3rd plural *skeldandi *skeldain *skeldandau *skeldandai *skeldaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *skald *skuldį̄
2nd singular *skalst *skuldīz
3rd singular *skald *skuldī
1st dual *skuldū *skuldīw
2nd dual *skuldudiz *skuldīdiz
1st plural *skuldum *skuldīm
2nd plural *skuldud *skuldīd
3rd plural *skuldun *skuldīn
present past
participles *skeldandz *skuldanaz

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*skeldan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 442
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